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Ventilation rates for unconditioned spaces #318

Closed GoogleCodeExporter closed 9 years ago

GoogleCodeExporter commented 9 years ago
What NACM Section(s) are relevant to this issue?
5.6.5.4 Ventilation Source

Explanation of issue:
All space functions in Appendix 5.4 include both an occupancy density and 
minimum ventilation flow per area.  Most of these functions are typically 
directly or indirectly conditioned, some are typically unconditioned, such as 
parking garages.

Section 5.6.5.4 does not address the situation where a thermal zone has no 
heating or cooling system (i.e. Unconditioned).  Do all of these spaces still 
require a ventilation system? Currently, the ACM indicates a forced air vent 
system is required for all Nonresidential spaces.  A specific example in our 
example files is the Front_Entry zone of the RetailStandAlone prototype 
(00500).  This  zone is 'Unconditioned', but does it require forced 
ventilation?  The current ACM language suggests it does, where in reality, many 
of the nonresidential space functions could legitimately be naturally 
ventilated or not ventilated, but still have lighting covered by the code, and 
therefore included in the model. Space functions that might be heated/cooled 
but not need the ventilation include:

Commercial and Industrial Storage Areas (conditioned or unconditioned)
Commercial and Industrial Storage Areas (refrigerated)
Computer Room
Electrical, Mechanical, Telephone Rooms
Malls and Atria

I recommend the ACM be reviewed and updated to address the general and design 
ventilation requirements under Section 120.1 (a) and (b).  

Proposed resolution:
Review and update Section 5.6.5.4 to be inline with Std 120.1 (a) and (b)

Please provide any additional information below.

Original issue reported on code.google.com by da...@360-analytics.com on 26 Oct 2013 at 8:18

GoogleCodeExporter commented 9 years ago
I think we should follow the guidance from the 2008 ACM, which is really quite 
simple (even if it doesn't exactly match what happens in practice):

1. If a space is marked as "Unconditioned", all internal loads are 0, and the 
ventilation rate is 0.
2. If a proposed design space is marked as "Unconditioned", the matching space 
in the Standard Design shall also be unconditioned.
3. Unconditioned spaces that have any exterior envelope components shall have 
infiltration rates following the same rules as conditioned spaces.
4. We should have appropriate flag/checks/exceptional conditions when a 
"significant" fraction of the space is designated as unconditioned.
5. We could have a few descriptive unconditioned space types (Unconditioned 
Stairwell, Unconditioned Atria, ..., Unconditioned Other) that would function 
identically, but make it easier for the plan reviewer to identify spaces 
modeled as unconditioned.

Any space, including a computer room, storage area, that has a non-zero 
occupancy requires ventilation per the Standards and ACM requirements. If we 
decide we want to make the occupancy zero for an electrical room or some 
special space, I am ok with that, but I don't see why we need to, since 
occupancy and hence ventilation rates are prescribed in the ACM.

A heated only warehouse is still considered a conditioned space.

For example, a mid-rise office building that has unconditioned stairwells for 
emergency entry/exit: if these are modeled as unconditioned and not ventilated, 
that is the easiest modeling option. If they have some form of ventilation but 
are unconditioned, we could try and model this, but I don't think it is worth 
it. Perhaps a note on the compliance forms that the designated space(s) have 
ventilation complying with 120.1 of the Standards.

Indirectly conditioned space - this term is only used in the context of 
identifying demising surfaces and prescribing their requirements. From the HVAC 
perspective, the space is considered conditioned or unconditioned. No transfer 
air from other conditioned spaces is considered in the compliance model. A 
naturally ventilated space that is not actively controlled (in my opinion) is 
considered an unconditioned space.

Recommend clarifying ACM rules with the above intent, and moving to "Resolved". 

There are some limitations with this approach in not being able to directly 
model a ventilation only system, but since there is no clear baseline for this 
type of system, no significant tradeoffs and no clear requirement to include 
it, I say, don't.

Original comment by JohnJArent on 30 Oct 2013 at 5:04

GoogleCodeExporter commented 9 years ago
Roger and David - changing status to 'Resolved'. Please let me know if there 
are any implementation issues in CBECC with the stated approach above.

As stated above:
1. Ventilation rates for unconditioned spaces are zero.
2. Standard Design spaces shall be Unconditioned when Proposed Design spaces 
are defined as unconditioned.

Original comment by JohnJArent on 15 Nov 2013 at 9:32

GoogleCodeExporter commented 9 years ago
Changing status to Fixed. Please let me know if there are issues with the 
implementation described above.

Original comment by JohnJArent on 22 Nov 2013 at 12:12

GoogleCodeExporter commented 9 years ago
Revising status to Resolved until ACM language is posted.

Original comment by da...@360-analytics.com on 23 Nov 2013 at 1:07

GoogleCodeExporter commented 9 years ago
See attached language excerpt from revised ACM. No ventilation is required or 
modeled for unconditioned spaces.

Original comment by JohnJArent on 10 Dec 2013 at 7:03

Attachments:

GoogleCodeExporter commented 9 years ago
This language works fine for what CBECC supports now, but when we add parking 
garage spaces, some adjustments to the language may be needed.

Original comment by da...@360-analytics.com on 10 Dec 2013 at 8:01

GoogleCodeExporter commented 9 years ago
I think we'll have to talk about parking garages. They do require ventilation, 
but I don't think we really have any means to model the requirement for large 
fan systems with >10,000 cfm total capacity, which requires CO demand 
controlled ventilation. The ACM assumes a conservative estimate of fan 
operation (fans with VSDs) when CO is controlled, and treats it almost like a 
plug load, with 1/8 the power consumption of a constant volume fan.

Original comment by JohnJArent on 10 Dec 2013 at 9:54

GoogleCodeExporter commented 9 years ago

Original comment by da...@360-analytics.com on 15 Feb 2014 at 8:07