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Vim cheat sheet collections #14

Open kdeng opened 5 years ago

kdeng commented 5 years ago

I am using this issue to collect all shortcut tips of Vim.

There are some references I have looked already.

kdeng commented 5 years ago

Getting started

Exiting

Shortcut Description
:qa Close all files
:qa! Close all files, abandon changes
--- ---
:w Save
:wq / :x Save and close file
--- ---
:q Close file
:q! Close file, abandon changes
--- ---
ZZ Save and quit
ZQ Quit without checking changes

Navigating

Shortcut Description
h j k l Arrow keys
<C-U> / <C-D> Page up/page down

Words

Shortcut Description
b / w Previous/next word
e / ge Previous/next end of word

Line

Shortcut Description
0 (zero) Start of line
^ Start of line (after whitespace)
$ End of line

Character

| fc | Go forward to character c | | Fc | Go backward to character c |

Document

Shortcut Description
gg First line
G Last line
:n Go to line n
nG Go to line n

Tab pages

Shortcut Description
:tabedit [file] Edit file in a new tab
:tabfind [file] Open file if exists in new tab
:tabclose Close current tab
:tabs List all tabs
:tabfirst Go to first tab
:tablast Go to last tab
:tabn Go to next tab
:tabp Go to previous tab

Editing

Shortcut Description
a Append
i Insert
o Next line
O Previous line
--- ---
s Delete char and insert
S Delete line and insert
C Delete until end of line and insert
--- ---
r Replace one character
R Enter Replace mode
--- ---
u Undo changes
<C-R> Redo changes

Exiting insert mode

Shortcut Description
Esc / <C-[> Exit insert mode
<C-C> Exit insert mode, and abort current command

{: .-shortcuts}

Clipboard

Shortcut Description
x Delete character
--- ---
dd Delete line (Cut)
yy Yank line (Copy)
--- ---
p Paste
P Paste before

Visual mode

Shortcut Description
v Enter visual mode
V Enter visual line mode
<C-V> Enter visual block mode

In visual mode

Shortcut Description
d / x Delete selection
s Replace selection
y Yank selection (Copy)

See Operators for other things you can do.

Operators

Usage

Operators let you operate in a range of text (defined by motion). These are performed in normal mode.

| d | w | | Operator | Motion |

Operators list

Shortcut Description
d Delete
y Yank (copy)
c Change (delete then insert)
--- ---
> Indent right
< Indent left
--- ---
g~ Swap case
gU Uppercase
gu Lowercase
--- ---
! Filter through external program

See :help operator

Examples

Combine operators with motions to use them.

Shortcut Description
dd (repeat the letter) Delete current line
dw Delete to next word
db Delete to beginning of word
2dd Delete 2 lines
dip Delete a text object (inside paragraph)
(in visual mode) d Delete selection

See: :help motion.txt

Text objects

Usage

{: .-prime}

Text objects let you operate (with an operator) in or around text blocks (objects). {: .-setup}

| v | i | p | | Operator | [i]nside or [a]round | Text object |

Text objects

Shortcut Description
p Paragraph
w Word
s Sentence
--- ---
[ ( { < A [], (), or {} block
' " ` A quoted string
--- ---
b A block [(
B A block in [{
t A XML tag block

Examples

Shortcut Description
vip Select paragraph
vipipipip Select more
--- ---
yip Yank inner paragraph
yap Yank paragraph (including newline)
--- ---
dip Delete inner paragraph
cip Change inner paragraph

See Operators for other things you can do.

Diff

Shortcut Description
gvimdiff file1 file2 [file3] See differencies between files, in HMI

Misc

Folds

Shortcut Description
zo / zO Open
zc / zC Close
za / zA Toggle
--- ---
zv Open folds for this line
--- ---
zM Close all
zR Open all
--- ---
zm Fold more (foldlevel += 1)
zr Fold less (foldlevel -= 1)
--- ---
zx Update folds

Uppercase ones are recursive (eg, zO is open recursively).

Navigation

Shortcut Description
[( [{ [< Previous ( or { or <
]) Next
--- ---
[m Previous method start
[M Previous method end

Jumping

Shortcut Description
<C-O> Go back to previous location
<C-I> Go forward
--- ---
gf Go to file in cursor

Counters

Shortcut Description
<C-A> Increment number
<C-X> Decrement

Windows

| z{height}<Cr> | Resize pane to {height} lines tall |

Tags

Shortcut Description
:tag Classname Jump to first definition of Classname
--- ---
<C-]> Jump to definition
g] See all definitions
<C-T> Go back to last tag
<C-O> <C-I> Back/forward
--- ---
:tselect Classname Find definitions of Classname
:tjump Classname Find definitions of Classname (auto-select 1st)

Case

Shortcut Description
~ Toggle case (Case => cASE)
gU Uppercase
gu Lowercase
--- ---
gUU Uppercase current line (also gUgU)
guu Lowercase current line (also gugu)

Do these in visual or normal mode.

Marks

Shortcut Description
`^ Last position of cursor in insert mode
`. Last change
`` Last jump
--- ---
ma Mark this cursor position as a
a</code> | Jump to the cursor positiona`
'a Jump to the beginning of the line with position a

Misc

Shortcut Description
. Repeat last command
]p Paste under the current indentation level

Command line

Shortcut Description
<C-R><C-W> Insert current word into the command line
<C-R>" Paste from " register
<C-X><C-F> Auto-completion of path in insert mode

Text alignment

:center [width]
:right [width]
:left

See :help formatting

Calculator

Shortcut Description
<C-R>=128/2 Shows the result of the division : '64'

Do this in insert mode.

Exiting with an error

:cq
:cquit

Works like :qa, but throws an error. Great for aborting Git commands.

Spell checking

Shortcut Description
:set spell spelllang=en_us Turn on US English spell checking
]s Move to next misspelled word after the cursor
[s Move to previous misspelled word before the cursor
z= Suggest spellings for the word under/after the cursor
zg Add word to spell list
zw Mark word as bad/mispelling
zu / C-X (Insert Mode) Suggest words for bad word under cursor from spellfile

See :help spell

kdeng commented 5 years ago

How to modify multiple lines once

kdeng commented 5 years ago

How to auto-format all codes

Under normal mode : gg=G

Explanation: