perf: optimizations for the Docker image

[aminya]

• fix: optimize the RUN commands order in Docker: reorders and merges the RUN commands to reduce layer sizes and also speed up the builds when a file changes during development
• fix: use bundle config for setting bundle options: uses bundle config for setting the bundle settings, which is the recommended approach as per bundle's documentation. It also allows the bundle to use all the CPU cores during the builds.
• fix: remove unused C/C++ build remainders: removes some C/C++ build remainders after bundle install
• ~fix: expose the specified port in docker~

These reduce the docker size image by 10 MB (5%).

[ezekg]

Ignore the build failures. Unfortunately, GitHub won't let me run the CI with secrets for approved PRs.