See why NOAA obs and era5 reanalysis are so different

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Email answer from NOAA: "The timing for the calculation is on a 24-hour basis. However, in the US this could mean "midnight to midnight" or it could mean "7am local time to 7am local time". "

Weather stations come from 4 different data sources:

• COOP
  • code 7 in the dataset
  • Cooperative Observer Program (many volunteers)
  • https://www.weather.gov/coop/overview
  • 112 stations in NC
  • 7am to 7am standard for TMIN TMAX
• CRN
  • Climate Reference Network
  • high-quality instruments managed and maintained by the Atmospheric Turbulence and Diffusion Division of the Air Resources Laboratory, NOAA Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research.
  • https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/crn/
  • code R in the dataset
  • 3 stations
• RAWS
  • owned by the National Interagency Fire Center, data hold by Western Regional Climate Center
  • fire weather focus => many are placed in "hard to reach areas", WMO criteria not respected, not often checked
  • https://www.nifc.gov/about-us/what-is-nifc/remote-automatic-weather-stations
  • code U
  • 31 stations
• ASOS or WBAN (ISD)
  • Weather-Bureau-Army-Navy
  • Automated Surface Observing System, nation's primary surface weather observing network (https://www.weather.gov/asos/asostech)
  • mainly for aviation and army purposes
  • code W
  • 20 stations
  • 12am to 12am standard for TMIN TMAX
• ECONet (not in the default dataset)
  • NC State Climate Office weather stations
  • Many covariates, reliable data
  • https://econet.climate.ncsu.edu/products/

For rain

• CoCoRaHS
  • Community Collaborative Rain, Hail and Snow Network

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