Support address sanitizer builds

[hdante]

This patch allows enabling the address sanitizer functionality present in some compilers to detect memory access errors when using the library.

See: https://github.com/google/sanitizers/wiki/AddressSanitizer

Change Description

The patch adds support in the CMakeLists.txt file for enabling address sanitizer builds by setting an environment variable.

• [ ] My PR includes a link to the issue that I am addressing

Solution Description

Code Quality

• [ ] I have read the Contribution Guide
• [x] My code follows the code style of this project
• [x] My code builds (or compiles) cleanly without any errors or warnings
• [x] My code contains relevant comments and necessary documentation

Project-Specific Pull Request Checklists

Bug Fix Checklist

• [ ] My fix includes a new test that breaks as a result of the bug (if possible)
• [ ] My change includes a breaking change
  • [ ] My change includes backwards compatibility and deprecation warnings (if possible)

New Feature Checklist

• [ ] I have added or updated the docstrings associated with my feature using the NumPy docstring format
• [ ] I have updated the tutorial to highlight my new feature (if appropriate)
• [ ] I have added unit/End-to-End (E2E) test cases to cover my new feature
• [ ] My change includes a breaking change
  • [ ] My change includes backwards compatibility and deprecation warnings (if possible)

Documentation Change Checklist

• [ ] Any updated docstrings use the NumPy docstring format

Build/CI Change Checklist

• [ ] If required or optional dependencies have changed (including version numbers), I have updated the README to reflect this
• [ ] If this is a new CI setup, I have added the associated badge to the README

Other Change Checklist

• [ ] Any new or updated docstrings use the NumPy docstring format.
• [ ] I have updated the tutorial to highlight my new feature (if appropriate)
• [ ] I have added unit/End-to-End (E2E) test cases to cover any changes
• [ ] My change includes a breaking change
  • [ ] My change includes backwards compatibility and deprecation warnings (if possible)

[codecov[bot]]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests :white_check_mark:

Project coverage is 66.29%. Comparing base (5142d1e) to head (8184443). Report is 2 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

```diff @@ Coverage Diff @@ ## main #207 +/- ## ======================================= Coverage 66.29% 66.29% ======================================= Files 50 50 Lines 6169 6169 Branches 928 928 ======================================= Hits 4090 4090 Misses 2079 2079 ```

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