littleflute
commented
2 years ago Closed littleflute closed 2 years ago
littleflute
commented
2 years ago littleflute
commented
2 years ago 00:00 Transcriber: 00:04 I have a question for you. 00:07 How would you have coped with the COVID-19 pandemic 00:10 if you'd had no access to the internet? 00:14 March 2020. 00:16 I know we all want to forget, 00:18 but allow me to take you back to March 2020. 00:22 You see, it felt like one minute we were doing what we always do, 00:25 going about our daily business, 00:27 and then we were keeping, sort of, one eye on a virus that was over there. 00:33 And then the next day, boom, 00:35 we were in a head-on collision with a pandemic 00:37 that nobody knew what to do about. 00:40 Authorities jumped to action. 00:42 Don't go to church, 00:43 don't go to the mosque, 00:44 don't see your friends, 00:45 don't go to restaurants, don't go outside, 00:48 don't use public transport and don't visit your parents, 00:51 don't go to school, 00:52 don't go to work. 00:53 It was a barrage of "don'ts" from every direction possible. 00:59 It was a lot. 01:05 But we adapted. 01:06 We started to accept, 01:08 and slowly we shifted more and more of what we did 01:11 from in-person to online. 01:14 We started to rely on the power of the internet 01:16 to order our groceries online, 01:18 to order our meals, 01:20 to speak to our friends 01:22 or even to learn how to take care of that plant, finally. 01:25 We used the internet to pray. 01:27 We used it to exercise, to meditate, to speak to our therapists. 01:32 Organizations, including the one that I work with, 01:35 shifted to remote working and I was able to continue working. 01:38 Some schools figured out how to deliver online classes, 01:41 and my children only had three weeks of interruption to their learning 01:45 before they were back in class online. 01:47 Granted, they were in these classes wearing a school shirt and a school tie 01:51 with pajama bottoms, 01:53 but I couldn't do anything about it 01:55 because I was doing pretty much the same thing 01:57 in my Zoom meetings. 01:59 Unfortunately, this picture that I've painted 02:01 was not the same for everyone. 02:03 It certainly wasn't true for those without access to the internet. 02:07 The lady who helps us with our chores in the house 02:10 talked to me about her rising levels of anxiety 02:13 as she saw more and more of her friends lose their jobs. 02:16 Her friends who sold in markets, who sold at street corners, 02:20 they had no customers and therefore no money 02:23 because we were all sheltering in place. 02:26 While she saw my children sitting in their Zoom classes 02:28 talking to their teachers, 02:30 her own children had to be taken to the village. 02:32 Because, you see, 02:33 with all the parents out trying to make some money 02:36 and no school for the kids to go to, 02:38 their safety and security was no longer guaranteed. 02:41 So the village was their only option. 02:44 In my own home village of Kasama in rural Zambia, 02:47 a beautiful and brilliant young girl named Chomba 02:49 faces the exact same fate 02:51 of not being able to continue her education. 02:54 Because, you see, they don’t have access to the internet. 02:58 And the longer the pandemic rages on, 03:01 the further and further and further away 03:03 her dream of becoming a medical doctor go, 03:06 and the higher her chances become of becoming a teenage mum 03:10 or getting married off as a teenager. 03:13 Many of us use the internet for so many things, 03:16 even if it was just talking to our parents on video calls. 03:19 And we did so without a second thought to those without internet. 03:23 Did it ever cross your mind how they, 03:26 those without internet, were coping? 03:29 We live in a digital age where access to the internet 03:31 is no longer a nice-to-have; it is a definite must-have. 03:37 The internet provides a tool for us to engage in democratic conversations. 03:41 We have a voice in spaces 03:43 that were previously a preserve of the few, 03:45 whereas before only those who could go to TV stations, 03:48 radio stations that have access to newspaper interviews had a say, 03:52 now everybody can speak about issues that affect them. 03:56 Just in the last few years, 03:57 we have seen the power of the internet 03:59 used to connect people from across the world. 04:02 People who don't even speak each other's languages 04:05 have been able to rally together 04:07 to fight against things like racism, sexism, 04:09 climate change and so much more. 04:12 And globally, over two billion people do not have access to the internet. 04:16 Two billion. 04:18 So why should that number of two billion people concern you? 04:23 As I mentioned, the internet gives power to people 04:26 to contribute to their economies, 04:28 to contribute to politics and to social issues. 04:31 Let me put the economic contribution into context. 04:34 My home country of Zambia relies on agriculture. 04:38 We place a lot of emphasis on agriculture, and rightly so. 04:41 Because 60 percent of the Zambian population 04:44 relies on agriculture for their livelihoods. 04:46 That’s according to United Nations statistics. 04:49 And yet, when we look at the numbers, 04:51 agriculture contributes only 7.5 percent to the country’s GDP most years. 04:57 So 60 percent of the population is relying on something 05:01 that contributes 7.5 percent to the GDP. 05:04 In contrast, 05:06 data from 2019 showed that one developed nation 05:09 was able to get 10 percent of its GDP contribution 05:13 from the power of the internet, 05:15 not technology more broadly, 05:17 the internet. 05:19 Can you imagine what would happen 05:21 if more people had access to the internet? 05:25 And lest we forget, 05:27 access to the internet would give Chomba in my home village 05:31 the right to learn. 05:32 She would be able to go to school 05:34 and get closer to realizing her dream of contributing to the health sector. 05:39 We need to act now. 05:41 We need to actively and collectively ensure 05:44 that going forward, everyone has access to a free, 05:47 fair and feminist internet. 05:50 We cannot afford to look away 05:51 simply because we are comfortable and we have access. 05:55 Because we need the contribution of the two billion. 05:58 We need them contributing to the economies of our countries. 06:01 We need their voices in politics. 06:03 We need their voices on social issues. 06:07 Now, I'll be the first to admit that this is not a small task. 06:10 What I'm proposing, an equitable internet, 06:13 is a major undertaking, 06:14 but we have to start somewhere. 06:17 We need governments and development partners 06:19 to start to acknowledge that digital rights 06:22 in a digital era are important to every citizen of their countries: 06:27 policies that encourage competition among technology providers; 06:30 regulation that allows for low-cost energy solutions 06:33 to penetrate even where it’s hard to reach; 06:36 changes to school curricula to include digital literacy; 06:40 and free internet to the lowest-income citizens. 06:42 All those are just a starting point. 06:45 But we also understand 06:46 that with the world's economy slowing down, 06:48 most of our governments will not prioritize digital access. 06:52 Most of them will default to the traditional election winners: 06:56 those infrastructure projects 06:58 that are outdated before they are even completed. 07:01 They will focus on those, 07:02 and those projects only benefit the middle class 07:05 and the upper class, 07:07 leaving the poorer even further behind. 07:10 But this is where the private sector, non-profits and foundations come in. 07:14 They certainly have the technical skills, 07:16 the expertise and the financial resources 07:19 to ensure that every citizen has access to the internet. 07:23 And we need to start holding global corporations to account. 07:26 In 2020, we learned that at least 20 developing countries 07:31 were missing out on as much as 2.8 billion dollars in tax revenue 07:36 from just three big tech companies. 07:39 Three. 07:40 This is only a tip of the iceberg 07:42 because we know there are a lot of companies operating in these locations, 07:46 but due to unfair global tax rules, 07:48 they're not giving back their fair share. 07:51 We need to demand that they start to give back. 07:54 And give back in a way that is sustainable, 07:57 that is genuine and does not come with the conditions 08:00 that they normally attach to anything that they consider "free" 08:03 in this context. 08:05 And to ensure sustainability, 08:07 it can be as simple as starting to look at what has already been tested 08:10 in terms of providing access to technologies, 08:14 bringing those up to the surface 08:16 and then working with communities to make sure that whatever is put in place 08:19 is for the long term -- and not just for the immediate. 08:23 One thing we can all agree on 08:24 is that there are definitely enough internet resources to go around, 08:28 and the technology is certainly advanced enough 08:31 to make sure that everybody has access. 08:33 We need to figure out how we bring these resources together 08:37 so that Chomba in my village does not just have access to learning content 08:40 that is relevant to her, 08:42 but that she's also able to take part in economic discussions, 08:45 in political discourse 08:47 and making sure that she has access to an internet 08:50 where she is protected from online abuses such as surveillance, 08:53 intimidation and bullying. 08:55 On [an] individual level, you and I, 08:58 those of us with access, 08:59 need to stand with those that don't have. 09:02 We need to make sure 09:03 that we are not leaving those two billion behind 09:06 and that we are making sure they have access 09:08 to all the tools they need to live up to their full potential. 09:12 So knowing how an equitable internet benefits the collective, 09:17 how will you contribute to reducing that two billion number?
littleflute
commented
2 years ago 00:00 翻译人员: Kevin Fang 校对人员: Helen Chang 00:04 我有一个问题问你。 00:07 您将如何应对 COVID-19 大流行 00:10 如果您无法访问互联网？ 00:14 2020 年 3 月。 00:16 我知道我们都想忘记， 00:18 但请允许我带您回到 2020 年 3 月。 00:22 你看，感觉就像一分钟 我们在做我们一直在做的事情， 00:25 处理我们的日常事务， 00:27 然后我们一直盯着那边的病毒。 00:33 然后第二天，砰， 00:35 我们正与一场流行病正面交锋 00:37 没有人知道该怎么做。 00:40 当局立即采取行动。 00:42 不要去教堂， 00:43 不要去清真寺， 00:44 不要见你的朋友， 00:45 不要去餐厅，不要外出， 00:48 不要乘坐公共交通工具 和不要探望你的父母， 00:51 不要去上学， 00:52 不要去上班， 00:53 这是来自各个可能方向的 一连串“不要”。 00:59 太多了。 01:05 但我们适应了。 01:06 我们开始接受， 01:08 慢慢地我们改变了， 我们所做的越来越多 01:11 从面对面到在线。 01:14 我们开始依赖 互联网的力量， 01:16 在线订购我们的杂货， 01:18 订购我们的餐点， 01:20 与我们的朋友交谈， 01:22 甚至最终学会如何照顾那株植物。 01:25 我们使用互联网祈祷。 01:27 我们用它来锻炼、冥想， 与我们的治疗师交谈。 01:32 组织，包括与我合作的组织， 01:35 转移到远程工作， 并且我能够继续工作。 01:38 一些学校想出了 如何提供在线课程， 01:41 而且我的孩子 只有三个星期的学习中断， 01:45 就回到网上课了。 01:47 当然，他们在这些班级上 穿着校服和学校领带， 01:51 搭配睡衣裤。 01:53 但我对此无能为力， 01:55 因为我几乎同样地 01:57 参与我的 Zoom 会议。 01:59 不幸的是，我描述的场景 02:01 并不是人人相同。 02:03 对于那些无法访问互联网的人来说 当然不是那样。 02:07 帮助我们做家务的那位女士 02:10 和我谈她越来越焦虑的程度， 02:13 随着她越来越多的朋友失业而升高。 02:16 她在市场上卖东西的朋友， 在街角卖东西的朋友， 02:20 他们没有客户， 因此没有钱， 02:23 因为我们都就地避难。 02:26 她看到我的孩子们上 Zoom 课， 02:28 与他们的老师交谈， 02:30 而她自己的孩子不得不被带到村里。 02:32 因为，你看， 02:33 所有的父母都出去试图赚钱 02:36 并也没有孩子上学的地方， 02:38 他们的安全不再有保障。 02:41 所以乡村是他们唯一的选择。 02:44 在我自己的家乡赞比亚的农村, 02:47 一个美丽而聪明的女孩 名叫 Chomba 02:49 面临完全相同的命运， 02:51 无法继续她的学业。 02:54 因为，你看，他们无法访问互联网。 02:58 而且疫情持续的时间越长， 03:01 离她成为医生的梦想越差越远， 03:06 她成为少女妈妈的机会就越大， 03:10 或在青少年时期结婚。 03:13 我们中的许多人 使用互联网做很多事情， 03:16 即使只是通过视频通话 与我们的父母交谈， 03:19 而完全没想到那些没有互联网的人。 03:23 你有没有想过他们是如何， 03:26 那些没有互联网的人，正在应对？ 03:29 我们生活在数字时代 03:30 访问互联网的不再是可有可无， 而是绝对必备的。 03:37 互联网为我们提供了 参与民主对话的工具。 03:41 我们在空间中有发言权， 03:43 以前那只保留给少数人， 03:45 而以前只有那些可以 去电视台、广播电台、 03:48 接受报纸采访的人有发言权， 03:52 现在每个人都可以谈论 影响他们的问题。 03:56 就在最近几年， 03:57 我们已经看到了互联网的力量 03:59 用于连接来自世界各地的人们。 04:02 甚至彼此的语言不相同， 04:05 已经能够团结在一起 04:07 与种族主义、性别歧视、 气候变化等问题作斗争。 04:12 在全球范围内， 超过 20 亿人无法访问互联网。 04:16 二十亿。 04:18 那么，为什么要关注 这 20 亿人呢？ 04:23 正如我提到的，互联网赋予人们权力 04:26 为他们的经济做出贡献， 04:28 为政治和社会问题做出贡献。 04:31 让我把经济贡献放在景况中。 04:34 我的祖国赞比亚以农业为生。 04:38 我们非常重视农业，这是正确的。 04:41 因为赞比亚 60% 的人口 04:44 以农业为生。 04:46 这是根据联合国的统计数据。 04:49 然而，当我们看到这些数字时， 04:51 大多数年份农业对国内生产总值的贡献 仅占 7.5%。 04:57 所以 60% 的人所赖以为生的生计 05:01 对 GDP 的贡献仅仅为 7.5%。 05:04 相比之下， 05:06 2019 年的数据显示，发达国家 05:09 借助互联网的力量 能够获得其 GDP 贡献的 10%， 05:15 不是更广泛的技术， 05:17 而是互联网。 05:19 你能想象如果更多的人 可以访问互联网会发如何吗？ 05:25 以免我们忘记， 05:27 访问互联网将使我家乡的 Chomba 05:31 获得学习的权利。 05:32 她可以去上学， 05:34 更接近实现 她为卫生部门做出贡献的梦想。 05:39 我们需要立即采取行动。 05:41 我们需要积极和共同确保 05:44 展望未来，每个人都可以免费获得 05:47 公平和女性可用的互联网。 05:50 我们不能把目光移开 05:51 仅因为我们能够自在地使用互联网。 05:55 因为我们需要那20亿人的贡献。 05:58 我们需要他们为我国的经济做出贡献。 06:01 我们需要他们在政治上的声音。 06:03 我们需要他们在社会问题上发表意见。 06:07 现在，我将第一个承认 这不是一项小任务。 06:10 我所提议的，一个公平的互联网， 06:13 是一项重大的事业， 06:14 但我们必须从某个地方开始。 06:17 我们需要政府和发展伙伴 06:19 开始确认数字权利 06:22 在数字时代对他们国家的 每个公民都很重要： 06:27 鼓励技术提供者之间竞争的政策； 06:30 允许低成本能源解决方案的监管； 06:33 即使是难以到达的地方也能渗透； 06:36 改变学校课程以包括数字素养； 06:40 以及为低收入公民提供免费互联网。 06:42 所有这些都只是一个起点。 06:45 但我们也明白 06:46 随着世界经济放缓， 06:48 我们大多数政府不会 优先考虑数字访问。 06:52 他们大多数人 会自动着重于吸引选票的： 06:56 那些基础设施项目—— 06:58 甚至在完成之前就已经过时的项目。 07:01 他们将专注于那些， 07:02 而这些而这些项目只会让中产阶级 07:05 和上层阶级受益， 07:07 把更穷的人抛得更远。 07:10 但这就是私营部门、 非营利组织和基金会的用武之地。 07:14 他们当然有技术能力、 07:16 专业知识和财政资源 07:19 来确保每个公民都能访问互联网。 07:23 我们需要开始追究全球公司的责任。 07:26 2020 年，我们了解到 至少有 20 个发展中国家 07:31 错失了多达 28 亿美元的税收， 07:36 仅算来自三大科技公司的而已。 07:39 三。 07:40 这只是冰山一角 07:42 因为我们知道有很多公司 在这些地方经营， 07:46 但由于不公平的全球税收规则， 07:48 他们没有回馈他们应回馈的份额。 07:51 我们必须要求他们开始回馈， 07:54 以可持续的方式回馈， 07:57 真心的，不附带条件—— 08:00 在这种情况下，他们通常会 附在他们认为“免费”的任何东西上。 08:05 为了确保可持续性， 08:07 它可以像开始查看 08:09 在提供技术访问方面 已经测试过的内容一样简单； 08:14 使那些浮出水面， 08:16 然后与社区合作，确保所采取的 一切措施都是长期的—— 08:21 而不仅仅是短期的。 08:23 我们都同意的一件事 08:24 是肯定有足够的互联网资源 可供各处使用， 08:28 而且技术肯定足够先进 08:31 能确保每个人都可以访问。 08:33 我们需要弄清楚 如何将这些资源整合在一起， 08:37 这样我村里的 Chomba 不仅可以访问学习 08:40 与她有关的内容， 08:42 也能参与经济讨论、 08:45 政治话语， 08:47 并确保她访问的互联网 08:50 让她免受监视等 在线滥用行为的侵害， 08:53 恐吓和欺凌。 08:55 在个人层面上，你和我， 08:58 我们这些有权访问的人， 08:59 需要与那些没有的人站在一起。 09:02 我们需要确保 09:03 我们不会把这 20 亿人抛在后面， 09:06 并且确保他们可以访问 09:08 到他们充分发挥潜力 所需的所有工具。 09:12 所以知道公平的互联网 如何使集体受益， 09:17 您将如何为 减少 20 亿这数字做出贡献？
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dKmHLAKQ5PI