When using Menlo (the original one), the diacritics in “Богоро́дице Де́во”, are on the third “o” and the second “e”, as they should be (I believe, I do not speak Russian).
When using Menlo for Powerline, the are on the “д” and the “в”; i.e., they appear on the character after the one they should be on.
Can you add some more detail to this? I'm unable to reproduce this issue via simply printing that string in the terminal (under both Terminal and iTerm 3 on macOS 10.12).
When using Menlo (the original one), the diacritics in “Богоро́дице Де́во”, are on the third “o” and the second “e”, as they should be (I believe, I do not speak Russian).
When using Menlo for Powerline, the are on the “д” and the “в”; i.e., they appear on the character after the one they should be on.