feat(#332): support Android 14

[jkuester]

Closes https://github.com/medic/cht-android/issues/332

Adds support for Android 14 while also uplifting the dependencies/plugins to take advantage of new tooling/linting targeted at the new Android versions.

The changes around the RECEIVER_NOT_EXPORTED flags are really the only implementation code changes that were required for Android 14 compatibility. However, to be able to use the ContextCompat.registerReceiver method for backwards compatibility, I needed to start uplifting some dependencies.

Instead to trying to do things piecemeal, I just bumped everything. The biggest lift was updating to the 8.x of the Android Gradle Plugin, but this is super valuable since it gives support for linting things that are specific to the newer versions of Android.

I have tried to call out inline all the motivations for the various changes I have made.

https://github.com/medic/cht-docs/pull/1308

[jkuester]

I have manually validating app functionality across different Android versions following this test plan:

• [X] Android 14
• [X] Android 13
• [X] Android 9

Clean installation

• Assemble Unbranded APK - make assemble
  • APKs saved in build/outputs/apk
• Install APK - adb install build/outputs/apk/unbranded/release/cht-android-SNAPSHOT-unbranded-x86_64-release.apk
• Open app and login to Gamma
• Verify webapp runs successfully

  Upgrade from existing cht-android version

• Install previous gamma APK version
• Login to Gamma
• Install new gamma APK - adb install build/outputs/apk/medicmobilegamma/release/cht-android-SNAPSHOT-medicmobilegamma-x86_64-release.apk
• Open app and verify user is still logged into Gamma

  Location Permission

• Open form - see the Location Permission prominent disclosure
• Allow Location Permission
• Submit form
• Use Fauxton to confirm that the geolocation data is filled out in the report doc

  SMS Permission

• (Currently [broken](https://github.com/medic/cht-core/issues/8930) in cht-core. Can only be used with jkuester_xml2sms branch.)
• Uncomment the SEND_SMS permission in the AndroidManifest.xml and assemble the app
• In settings.js doc, Set a phone number in the settings object for the name gateway_number
  • "settings":{"gateway_number":"*the_phone_num*" ... }
• In your form document (e.g. form:enketo_widgets), set "xml2sms": true
• Submit form and verify that SMS prominent disclosure is presented.
  • Agree to prominent disclosure and Allow permission
• Check Messages app on device and see outgoing message
• Check device logs for Received sending report for message to confirm BroadcastReceiver functionality

  Storage Permission

• Push files to device: adb push README.md /storage/emulated/0/Download (make sure to have image/audio/video/file (e.g. PDF))
• Does not need to ask in Android 14, but should be able to select files from phone in forms
• User form such as enketo_widgets to select files and submit the form
• Use Fauxton to confirm that the files were properly attached to report doc

  Connection Error Warning

• On the Android device, turn off Internet (wifi/data)
• Do a fresh install of Unbranded app (no existing session)
• Launch CHT app - select Gamma - See "No Internet Connection" warning
• Re-enable internet
• Tap "Retry" on the warning page and see the app load correctly