Add extract-id implementations for all types

[sritchie]

• 183:

  • adds emmy.{autodiff, tape} to emmy.sci's exported namespace set

  • adds emmy.dual/extract-id implementations for all supported output types (every type that already implements emmy.dual/IPerturbed)

  • moves emmy.tape/Completed to emmy.dual/Completed; it doesn't really make sense there, but this is the only current way to remove the circular dependency between emmy.dual and emmy.tape. (tape needs a dual import to gain emmy.dual/IPerturbed.)

  • simplifies the emmy.tape/gradient implementation down to only handle single real-or-structural arguments, just like emmy.dual/derivative. We'll share the "handle-multiple-input" implementation between the two in a follow-up PR

  • makes the tests in emmy.calculus.derivative generic on the derivative implementation, so we can run all tests in forward and reverse mode.

[codecov[bot]]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 62.74510% with 19 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 87.64%. Comparing base (8fb417f) to head (36d115c).

Files	Patch %	Lines
src/emmy/collection.cljc	11.11%	5 Missing and 3 partials :warning:
src/emmy/quaternion.cljc	57.14%	6 Missing :warning:
src/emmy/tape.cljc	83.33%	1 Missing and 1 partial :warning:
src/emmy/matrix.cljc	0.00%	1 Missing :warning:
src/emmy/polynomial.cljc	0.00%	1 Missing :warning:
src/emmy/series.cljc	50.00%	1 Missing :warning:

Additional details and impacted files

```diff @@ Coverage Diff @@ ## main #183 +/- ## ========================================== - Coverage 87.71% 87.64% -0.07% ========================================== Files 100 100 Lines 15807 15778 -29 Branches 844 845 +1 ========================================== - Hits 13865 13829 -36 - Misses 1098 1104 +6 - Partials 844 845 +1 ```

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