I have not found any way to make this very useful distinction in Application Insights. Currently Application Insights may in the Azure Portal Performance display end up flagging a span as an error when its child spans don't finish before the parent span. If the child span were declared as having a FollowsFrom reference, this could be avoided.
As part of the OpenTracing specification a span can be related to its parent span using a ChildOf reference or a FollowsFrom reference: https://github.com/opentracing/specification/blob/master/specification.md#references-between-spans. As specified the latter is used when a parent span does not in any way depend on the result of the child span.
I have not found any way to make this very useful distinction in Application Insights. Currently Application Insights may in the Azure Portal Performance display end up flagging a span as an error when its child spans don't finish before the parent span. If the child span were declared as having a FollowsFrom reference, this could be avoided.
While it is still unclear where OpenTelemetry is going with this (see https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-specification/issues/65), I still think it would be useful for Application Insights to support.