Fixed CVE-2022-3064 in `packer`

All boxes should be checked before merging the PR (just tick any boxes which don't apply to this PR)

[X] The toolchain has been rebuilt successfully (or no changes were made to it)
[X] The toolchain/worker package manifests are up-to-date
[X] Any updated packages successfully build (or no packages were changed)
[X] Packages depending on static components modified in this PR (Golang, *-static subpackages, etc.) have had their Release tag incremented.
[X] Package tests (%check section) have been verified with RUN_CHECK=y for existing SPEC files, or added to new SPEC files
[X] All package sources are available
[X] cgmanifest files are up-to-date and sorted (./cgmanifest.json, ./toolkit/scripts/toolchain/cgmanifest.json, .github/workflows/cgmanifest.json)
[X] LICENSE-MAP files are up-to-date (./SPECS/LICENSES-AND-NOTICES/data/licenses.json, ./SPECS/LICENSES-AND-NOTICES/LICENSES-MAP.md, ./SPECS/LICENSES-AND-NOTICES/LICENSE-EXCEPTIONS.PHOTON)
[X] All source files have up-to-date hashes in the *.signatures.json files
[X] sudo make go-tidy-all and sudo make go-test-coverage pass
[X] Documentation has been updated to match any changes to the build system
[X] Ready to merge

Patching packer to fix CVE-2022-3064.

This change also pulls in 2.0's #8758 and #8866 to bring packer to the latest version and fixes from 2.0.

No.

microsoft / azurelinux