update to go 1.17 as minimum, fix and update actions

[thaJeztah]

• [x] depends on https://github.com/moby/ipvs/pull/31

changes in this PR:

• update go versions to go1.17 (minimum), and latest (1.19.x)
• fix incorrect go-versions (plural) in the matrix, and rename "platform" to "os" (which looks to be what we use elsewhere)
• update github action versions
• set permissions and timeout for github actions
• switch to use the golangci-lint action (instead of using a container)
• update golangci-lint to 1.50.1, which is needed for compatibility with current go versions
• update how we use sudo for testing (see this tweet)
• add a go mod tidy check

[thaJeztah]

Next up, after https://github.com/moby/ipvs/pull/31 was merged

@AkihiroSuda @neersighted @dims PTAL

[thaJeztah]

Can we split this into separate commits for the go.mod change and the CI?

Ah, yes, can do! Updated 👍