Epic: productionize tiered compaction

[problame]

https://www.notion.so/neondatabase/Compaction-2024Q2-eca9b06aa1ae4c62bdf6cf40ab002eb6?pvs=4

• https://github.com/neondatabase/neon/issues/6768

### Fix bugs (continued from Q1)
- [ ] https://github.com/neondatabase/neon/issues/7244
- [ ] https://github.com/neondatabase/neon/pull/7257
- [ ] https://github.com/neondatabase/neon/issues/7287
- [ ] https://github.com/neondatabase/neon/issues/7296
- [ ] https://github.com/neondatabase/neon/issues/7243
- [ ] https://github.com/neondatabase/neon/pull/7702
- [ ] #7707
- [ ] #7759
- [ ] https://github.com/neondatabase/neon/pull/7775

### basic functional testing
- [ ] https://github.com/neondatabase/neon/issues/7555
- [ ] https://github.com/neondatabase/neon/issues/7749
- [ ] parametrize Rust tests

### Must get done before ship
- [ ] https://github.com/neondatabase/neon/issues/7563
- [ ] API for creating image layers at specified LSN on-demand, as an escape hatch

### Backlog
- [ ] https://github.com/neondatabase/neon/issues/7659
- [ ] https://github.com/neondatabase/neon/issues/7703

[problame]

productinizing tiered compaction is on hold, remaining Q2 work tracked in https://github.com/neondatabase/neon/issues/8001

[problame]

Closing, we're not planning to continue working on this in 2024.