Exception with multiselect custom field and query="null"

[candlerb]

NetBox version

v3.5.9

Python version

3.8

Steps to Reproduce

1. Create a custom field of type "multiple selection". Let's say it's called "foo" and is applied to dcim.device, and has allowed values "a,b,c"
2. Query /dcim/devices/?cf_foo=null

Expected Behavior

The request to be processed, or at least ignored. (Ideally it would show devices which have no selection made for the given custom field)

Observed Behavior

A ValueError was raised.

Here is the backtrace:

Internal Server Error: /dcim/devices/

ValueError at /dcim/devices/
Cannot use None as a query value

Request Method: GET
Request URL: https://netbox.example.net/dcim/devices/?cf_foo=null
Django Version: 4.1.10
Python Executable: /opt/netbox/venv/bin/python3.8
Python Version: 3.8.10
Python Path: ['/opt/netbox/netbox', '/opt/netbox', '/opt/netbox/venv/bin', '/usr/lib/python38.zip', '/usr/lib/python3.8', '/usr/lib/python3.8/lib-dynload', '/opt/netbox/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages']
Server time: Wed, 30 Aug 2023 09:43:17 +0000
Installed Applications:
['django.contrib.admin',
 'django.contrib.auth',
 'django.contrib.contenttypes',
 'django.contrib.sessions',
 'django.contrib.messages',
 'django.contrib.staticfiles',
 'django.contrib.humanize',
 'corsheaders',
 'debug_toolbar',
 'graphiql_debug_toolbar',
 'django_filters',
 'django_tables2',
 'django_prometheus',
 'graphene_django',
 'mptt',
 'rest_framework',
 'social_django',
 'taggit',
 'timezone_field',
 'core',
 'circuits',
 'dcim',
 'ipam',
 'extras',
 'tenancy',
 'users',
 'utilities',
 'virtualization',
 'wireless',
 'django_rq',
 'drf_spectacular',
 'drf_spectacular_sidecar',
 'netbox_prometheus_sd.PrometheusSD',
 'netbox_topology_views.TopologyViewsConfig']
Installed Middleware:
['graphiql_debug_toolbar.middleware.DebugToolbarMiddleware',
 'django_prometheus.middleware.PrometheusBeforeMiddleware',
 'corsheaders.middleware.CorsMiddleware',
 'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
 'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
 'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
 'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
 'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
 'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
 'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
 'netbox.middleware.RemoteUserMiddleware',
 'netbox.middleware.CoreMiddleware',
 'netbox.middleware.MaintenanceModeMiddleware',
 'django_prometheus.middleware.PrometheusAfterMiddleware']

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/opt/netbox/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/core/handlers/exception.py", line 56, in inner
    response = get_response(request)
  File "/opt/netbox/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 197, in _get_response
    response = wrapped_callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs)
  File "/opt/netbox/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/views/generic/base.py", line 103, in view
    return self.dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/opt/netbox/netbox/netbox/views/generic/base.py", line 77, in dispatch
    return super().dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/opt/netbox/netbox/utilities/views.py", line 99, in dispatch
    return super().dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/opt/netbox/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/views/generic/base.py", line 142, in dispatch
    return handler(request, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/opt/netbox/netbox/netbox/views/generic/bulk_views.py", line 130, in get
    self.queryset = self.filterset(request.GET, self.queryset, request=request).qs
  File "/opt/netbox/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django_filters/filterset.py", line 230, in qs
    qs = self.filter_queryset(qs)
  File "/opt/netbox/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django_filters/filterset.py", line 213, in filter_queryset
    queryset = self.filters[name].filter(queryset, value)
  File "/opt/netbox/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django_filters/filters.py", line 263, in filter
    qs = self.get_method(qs)(q)
  File "/opt/netbox/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 1421, in filter
    return self._filter_or_exclude(False, args, kwargs)
  File "/opt/netbox/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 1439, in _filter_or_exclude
    clone._filter_or_exclude_inplace(negate, args, kwargs)
  File "/opt/netbox/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 1446, in _filter_or_exclude_inplace
    self._query.add_q(Q(*args, **kwargs))
  File "/opt/netbox/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/query.py", line 1532, in add_q
    clause, _ = self._add_q(q_object, self.used_aliases)
  File "/opt/netbox/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/query.py", line 1562, in _add_q
    child_clause, needed_inner = self.build_filter(
  File "/opt/netbox/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/query.py", line 1388, in build_filter
    return self._add_q(
  File "/opt/netbox/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/query.py", line 1562, in _add_q
    child_clause, needed_inner = self.build_filter(
  File "/opt/netbox/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/query.py", line 1478, in build_filter
    condition = self.build_lookup(lookups, col, value)
  File "/opt/netbox/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/query.py", line 1308, in build_lookup
    raise ValueError("Cannot use None as a query value")

Exception Type: ValueError at /dcim/devices/
Exception Value: Cannot use None as a query value
Raised during: dcim.views.DeviceListView
Request information:
USER: brian

GET:
cf_foo = 'null'

POST: No POST data

FILES: No FILES data

Additional info:

• The queries cf_foo=null and cf_foo__n=null work with custom fields of type "select" rather than "multiselect"
• With multiselect, the query cf_foo=a works as expected
• With multiselect, the query cf_foo__n=a does not work (it has no effect, all devices are shown); similarly, cf_foo__n=null has no effect.
• Relates to https://github.com/netbox-community/netbox/issues/11538#issuecomment-1635839720

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