[Bug]: `NotPermittedException` `Could not create folder "/appdata_[..]/theming/global/114"`

⚠️ This issue respects the following points: ⚠️

[X] This is a bug, not a question or a configuration/webserver/proxy issue.
[X] This issue is not already reported on Github OR Nextcloud Community Forum (I've searched it).
[X] Nextcloud Server is up to date. See Maintenance and Release Schedule for supported versions.
[X] I agree to follow Nextcloud's Code of Conduct.

Bug description

Got this error while adding custom theme background logo

NC 28.0.2 RC5

Steps to reproduce

Got this error while adding custom theme background logo

Expected behavior

Should not see error

Installation method

Community Manual installation with Archive

Nextcloud Server version

Operating system

Debian/Ubuntu

PHP engine version

PHP 8.3

Web server

Apache (supported)

Database engine version

MariaDB

Is this bug present after an update or on a fresh install?

Upgraded to a MAJOR version (ex. 22 to 23)

Are you using the Nextcloud Server Encryption module?

Encryption is Disabled

What user-backends are you using?

[X] Default user-backend (database)
[ ] LDAP/ Active Directory
[ ] SSO - SAML
[ ] Other

Configuration report

{
    "system": {
        "instanceid": "***REMOVED SENSITIVE VALUE***",
        "passwordsalt": "***REMOVED SENSITIVE VALUE***",
        "secret": "***REMOVED SENSITIVE VALUE***",
        "trusted_domains": [
            "REMOVED SENSITIVE VALUE"
        ],
        "datadirectory": "***REMOVED SENSITIVE VALUE***",
        "dbtype": "mysql",
        "version": "28.0.2.4",
        "overwrite.cli.url": "REMOVED SENSITIVE VALUE",
        "htaccess.RewriteBase": "\/",
        "dbname": "***REMOVED SENSITIVE VALUE***",
        "dbhost": "***REMOVED SENSITIVE VALUE***",
        "dbport": "",
        "dbtableprefix": "oc_",
        "mysql.utf8mb4": true,
        "dbuser": "***REMOVED SENSITIVE VALUE***",
        "dbpassword": "***REMOVED SENSITIVE VALUE***",
        "installed": true,
        "simpleSignUpLink.shown": false,
        "skeletondirectory": "",
        "default_locale": "en_US",
        "default_phone_region": "US",
        "allow_local_remote_servers": true,
        "ffmpeg": "\/usr\/bin\/ffmpeg",
        "preview_max_memory": 1280,
        "enabledPreviewProviders": [
            "OC\\Preview\\TXT",
            "OC\\Preview\\MarkDown",
            "OC\\Preview\\PDF",
            "OC\\Preview\\Image",
            "OC\\Preview\\Photoshop",
            "OC\\Preview\\TIFF",
            "OC\\Preview\\SVG",
            "OC\\Preview\\Font",
            "OC\\Preview\\MP3",
            "OC\\Preview\\Movie",
            "OC\\Preview\\MKV",
            "OC\\Preview\\MP4",
            "OC\\Preview\\AVI",
            "OC\\Preview\\MOV",
            "OC\\Preview\\HEIC",
            "OC\\Preview\\OpenDocument",
            "OC\\Preview\\MSOfficeDoc"
        ],
        "mail_smtpmode": "smtp",
        "mail_smtphost": "***REMOVED SENSITIVE VALUE***",
        "mail_sendmailmode": "smtp",
        "mail_smtpport": "587",
        "mail_smtpauthtype": "LOGIN",
        "mail_from_address": "***REMOVED SENSITIVE VALUE***",
        "mail_domain": "***REMOVED SENSITIVE VALUE***",
        "log.condition": {
            "apps": [
                "admin_audit"
            ]
        },
        "loglevel": 2,
        "logtimezone": "America\/Chicago",
        "memcache.local": "\\OC\\Memcache\\APCu",
        "memcache.distributed": "\\OC\\Memcache\\Redis",
        "memcache.locking": "\\OC\\Memcache\\Redis",
        "redis": {
            "host": "***REMOVED SENSITIVE VALUE***",
            "port": 6379
        },
        "trusted_proxies": "***REMOVED SENSITIVE VALUE***",
        "maintenance": false,
        "maintenance_window_start": 1,
        "twofactor_enforced": "true",
        "twofactor_enforced_groups": [],
        "twofactor_enforced_excluded_groups": [],
        "theme": "",
        "mail_smtpauth": 1,
        "mail_smtpname": "***REMOVED SENSITIVE VALUE***",
        "mail_smtppassword": "***REMOVED SENSITIVE VALUE***",
        "updater.release.channel": "stable",
        "memories.exiftool": "\/var\/www\/nextcloud\/apps\/memories\/bin-ext\/exiftool-amd64-glibc",
        "memories.vod.path": "\/var\/www\/nextcloud\/apps\/memories\/bin-ext\/go-vod-amd64",
        "memories.vod.ffmpeg": "\/usr\/bin\/ffmpeg",
        "memories.vod.ffprobe": "\/usr\/bin\/ffprobe",
        "memories.gis_type": 1,
        "defaultapp": "dashboard,files,memories",
        "updater.secret": "***REMOVED SENSITIVE VALUE***"
    }
}

List of activated Apps

Enabled:
  - activity: 2.20.0
  - admin_audit: 1.18.0
  - bruteforcesettings: 2.8.0
  - cloud_federation_api: 1.11.0
  - comments: 1.18.0
  - contactsinteraction: 1.9.0
  - dashboard: 7.8.0
  - dav: 1.29.1
  - federatedfilesharing: 1.18.0
  - federation: 1.18.0
  - files: 2.0.0
  - files_external: 1.20.0
  - files_pdfviewer: 2.9.0
  - files_reminders: 1.1.0
  - files_sharing: 1.20.0
  - files_trashbin: 1.18.0
  - files_versions: 1.21.0
  - firstrunwizard: 2.17.0
  - impersonate: 1.15.0
  - integration_youtube: 0.1.5
  - logreader: 2.13.0
  - lookup_server_connector: 1.16.0
  - memories: 6.2.2
  - nextcloud_announcements: 1.17.0
  - notifications: 2.16.0
  - notify_push: 0.6.8
  - oauth2: 1.16.3
  - password_policy: 1.18.0
  - photos: 2.4.0
  - previewgenerator: 5.4.0
  - privacy: 1.12.0
  - provisioning_api: 1.18.0
  - recognize: 6.1.0-beta.2
  - recommendations: 2.0.0
  - related_resources: 1.3.0
  - richdocuments: 8.3.1
  - sendent: 2.0.5
  - serverinfo: 1.18.0
  - settings: 1.10.1
  - sharebymail: 1.18.0
  - spreed: 18.0.2
  - support: 1.11.0
  - survey_client: 1.16.0
  - suspicious_login: 6.0.0
  - systemtags: 1.18.0
  - text: 3.9.1
  - theming: 2.3.0
  - theming_customcss: 1.15.0
  - twofactor_admin: 4.4.0
  - twofactor_backupcodes: 1.17.0
  - twofactor_email: 2.7.4
  - twofactor_nextcloud_notification: 3.8.0
  - twofactor_totp: 10.0.0-beta.2
  - updatenotification: 1.18.0
  - user_status: 1.8.1
  - viewer: 2.2.0
  - weather_status: 1.8.0
  - workflowengine: 2.10.0
Disabled:
  - circles: 28.0.0-dev (installed 27.0.1)
  - encryption: 2.16.0
  - user_ldap: 1.19.0

Nextcloud Signing status

No response

Nextcloud Logs

{"reqId":"a02jKQ3ICrIhdesvxRt4","level":3,"time":"2024-01-30T11:39:18-06:00","remoteAddr":"1.1.1.1","user":"admin","app":"index","method":"GET","url":"/apps/theming/img/core/filetypes/application.svg?v=a06ca54e","message":"Could not create folder \"/appdata_oc368e1f50dl/theming/global/114\"","userAgent":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/121.0.0.0 Safari/537.36","version":"28.0.2.4","exception":{"Exception":"OCP\\Files\\NotPermittedException","Message":"Could not create folder \"/appdata_oc368e1f50dl/theming/global/114\"","Code":0,"Trace":[{"file":"/var/www/nextcloud/lib/private/Files/SimpleFS/SimpleFolder.php","line":105,"function":"newFolder","class":"OC\\Files\\Node\\Folder","type":"->"},{"file":"/var/www/nextcloud/apps/theming/lib/ImageManager.php","line":159,"function":"newFolder","class":"OC\\Files\\SimpleFS\\SimpleFolder","type":"->"},{"file":"/var/www/nextcloud/apps/theming/lib/ImageManager.php","line":174,"function":"getCacheFolder","class":"OCA\\Theming\\ImageManager","type":"->"},{"file":"/var/www/nextcloud/apps/theming/lib/Controller/IconController.php","line":97,"function":"getCachedImage","class":"OCA\\Theming\\ImageManager","type":"->"},{"file":"/var/www/nextcloud/lib/private/AppFramework/Http/Dispatcher.php","line":230,"function":"getThemedIcon","class":"OCA\\Theming\\Controller\\IconController","type":"->"},{"file":"/var/www/nextcloud/lib/private/AppFramework/Http/Dispatcher.php","line":137,"function":"executeController","class":"OC\\AppFramework\\Http\\Dispatcher","type":"->"},{"file":"/var/www/nextcloud/lib/private/AppFramework/App.php","line":184,"function":"dispatch","class":"OC\\AppFramework\\Http\\Dispatcher","type":"->"},{"file":"/var/www/nextcloud/lib/private/Route/Router.php","line":315,"function":"main","class":"OC\\AppFramework\\App","type":"::"},{"file":"/var/www/nextcloud/lib/base.php","line":1069,"function":"match","class":"OC\\Route\\Router","type":"->"},{"file":"/var/www/nextcloud/index.php","line":39,"function":"handleRequest","class":"OC","type":"::"}],"File":"/var/www/nextcloud/lib/private/Files/Node/Folder.php","Line":162,"message":"Could not create folder \"/appdata_oc368e1f50dl/theming/global/114\"","exception":[],"CustomMessage":"Could not create folder \"/appdata_oc368e1f50dl/theming/global/114\""},"id":"65b9348a8c403"}

Additional info