[Emissions/Fluxes] Adding Biogeochemical Carbon/Nitrogen Profiles and Processes

[drnimbusrain]

There will be a need to add carbon and nitrogen pools/fluxes in canopy-app in some way. Its possible we need to leverage other models of the ecosystem and biogeochemical models of carbon and nitrrogen fluxes and balance.

One example is the LPJ-GUESS Ecosystem Model, where outputs include vegetation composition and cover in terms of major species or plant functional types (PFTs), biomass and soil organic matter carbon pools, leaf area index (LAI), net primary production (NPP), net ecosystem carbon balance, carbon emissions from wildfires, biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs), evapotranspiration, runoff, and nitrogen pools and fluxes. The latest version (4.1) includes further outputs and functionalities such as methane emissions, soil nitrogen chemistry, permafrost dynamics, and a new wildfire model.

Also, we should explore using the ACCESS model and consistency with issue #64 in the canopy.

[drnimbusrain]

Another potential idea for biogeochemical cycles is to use the new application of CLM-BGC with fire feedback from burned area (maybe using FRP as a surrogate as well) in canopy-app.: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4699/2023/

Finally ways to incorporate fire feedback to vegetation and biogeochemistry. I'd like to think of ways to bring these CLM-BGC approaches into canopy-app so that we can use it for our atmospheric composition and air quality predictions (via changes in biogenic VOC and other trace gas sources and sinks). Seems like we need the burned area in NRT, which potentially the FRP could be a surrogate for.

Burn area in NRT will be coming down the pipeline. NESDIS does have an experimental product that we could try out.

[drnimbusrain]

Getting at leaf carbon and nitrogen mass in leaves through the canopy should be relatively straightforward as a start, where Bonan's 2019 Climate Change and Terrestrial modeling texbook, Chapter 2 can help significantly for initial steps at calculating the carbon and nitrogen plant canopy profiles.

[drnimbusrain]

Overall, as a start to begin getting at adding carbon and nitrogen profiles in the canopy, we can/should calculate total aboveground biomass and stem diameter as a function of forest canopy heights. Relationships and coefficients that give biomass or forest height as a function of stem diameter are available, and from that we may derive biomass from allometric equations Mi = a*D**b. See Table 2.4 in Bonan 2019, or in more extensive review for different PFTs here to get a and b coefficients for both biomass and height functions.

Ultimately in canopy-app, we may solve for the stem diameter (D) for different vegetation types:

D = (Hc/a)**(1/b), where Hc is the observed input canopy height, and the allometric a and b coefficients for Hc are defined in Bonan 2019 book and/or paper referenced above.

and then above ground biomass (M) for each grid/point using the different allometric a and b coeffiicents for M :

M = a*D**b

The total biomass in the canopy will be very useful to getting total C and N abundance in the canopy. We will also need to be cognizant of the larger amounts of carbon belowground in soil, how this is stored in possible multi-layer soils in canopy-app, and then how this interacts with the canopy C/N abundance, properties, and over soil NO fluxes etc... This crosses over with @quaz115 work on soil processes and issue #76