README.md updates

[bnb]

This PR addresses multiple things:

• Updates some excessively outdated language to reflect reality of the Node.js project at the time of editing, rather than the hopes and goals of the group that worked on the initial draft of CommComm - many of which, like a Code of Conduct and additional community standards, have now been fully realized
• Removes references to "Node.js Foundation", opting for "Node.js Project" instead
• Normalizes white space (previously whitespace was mixed between hard breaks and no breaks)
• Normalizes some markdown formatting
• Adds a few links to help improve navigation through the document
• Updates some prose for clarity

[bnb]

Since there's been no new feedback and we have some level of approvals from CommComm members, I'm going to assume there is no objection from other members and merge.