Temperature Derating

[Dash16PM]

Please see attached a crude draft of what should be added to the Schema. Redlined edits/suggestions welcome Draft.Wind.Turbine.Derating_08142023_Rev0.docx

[NicholasMRobinson]

We currently have three different types of table for temperature derating:

"Derate":{"Enable":true,"Mode":0,"TempC":[30,35,40],"AirDensity":[1.225,1.1,1],"DeratedMaxPowerKW":[[3000,3000,2000],[3000,2700,1200],[3000,2400,600]]}

"Derate":{"Enable":true,"Mode":1,"TempC":[30,35,40],"Elevation":[1000,1800,2500],"DeratedMaxPowerKW":[[3000,3000,2000],[3000,2700,1200],[3000,2400,600]]}

"Derate":{"Enable":true,"Mode":2,"DeratedMaxPowerKW":[3000,2700,2400,2000,600],"Elevation":[1000,1800,2400],"TempC":[[30,37,40,42,45],[30,35,37,40,42],[30,32,35,37,40]]}

These tables are not formatted in the standard Octue way. I will try to reformat them like the rest of the schema.

Note: All this data is made up and so not subject to NDA.

[NicholasMRobinson]

OK, took some hand editing but here they are in the same order in Octueish

"Derate": {
    "Enable": true,
    "Mode": 0,
    "parameters": [
    {
        "label": "temperature C",
        "dimension": 0,
        "points": [30, 35, 40]
    },
    {
        "label": "AirDensity",
        "dimension": 1,
        "points": [1.225, 1.1, 1]
    },
    "DeratedMaxPowerKW": [
        [
            3000000, 3000000, 2000000
        ],
        [
            3000000, 2700000, 1200000
        ],
        [
            3000000, 2400000, 600000
        ]
    ]
}

"Derate": {
    "Enable": true,
    "Mode": 1,
    "parameters": [
    {
        "label": "temperature C",
        "dimension": 0,
        "points": [30, 35, 40]
    },
    {
        "label": "Elevation m",
        "dimension": 1,
        "points": [1000, 1800, 2500]
    },
    "DeratedMaxPowerKW": [
        [
            3000000, 3000000, 2000000
        ],
        [
            3000000, 2700000, 1200000
        ],
        [
            3000000, 2400000, 600000
        ]
    ]
}

"Derate": {
    "Enable": true,
    "Mode": 2,
    "parameters": [
    {
        "label": "DeratedMaxPower" 
        "dimension": 0,
        "points": [3000000, 2700000, 2400000, 2000000, 600000]
    },
    {
        "label": "Elevation"
        "dimension": 1,
        "points": [1000, 1800, 2400]
    },
    "temperature C": [
        [
            30, 37, 40, 42, 45
        ],
        [
            30, 35, 37, 40, 42
        ],
        [
            30, 32, 35, 37, 40
        ]
    ]
}

[thclark]

To consider:

• Wind Speed derating (with higher wind speed we get more cooling) (Kell to provide example table)
• flag to determine whether power derating is a fraction or a max power.

[Dash16PM]

Please do not forget to define transition between temp set points (linear/other) and re-start lags etc. See attachment to first comment in this string of comments.

[Dash16PM]

@thclark I believe we decided during the last call that we do not need to consider wind speed as part of thermal derating "not-required" (at least for the first edition of the standard)

I think it is "essential" to have what Nick laid out but also important "essential" to capture the additional details I added in my draft.

[thclark]

Update: Kell came back and said don't worry about wind-speed-dependent derating after searching for an example (apparently it was a one-off)

[thclark]

Captured TODOS from schema drafting session:

        // TODO TOM add an explanation about units and why we've chosen constant units into the working draft
        // Describes the thermal operating envelope of the turbine including shutdowns, restarts and progressive derating including the effects of altitude or density
        "thermal_shutdown": {
          "type": "object",
          "required": [],
          "examples": [
            {
              // Cold temperature limits
              "cold": {
                // TODO Make derating optional so we can have simple shutdown

                // Define progressive (linear or nonlinear) deratings as the
                // shutdown temperature is approached. This should contain a
                // conservative estimate of the maximum power produced by the
                // turbine under these conditions (noting that system complexity
                // is high and many different components within the device have different
                // thermal limits and hystereses). Multiple deratings can be provided for
                // multiple air densities or altitudes.
                "derating": [
                  {
                    "$comment": "Example of using altitude instead of air_density",
                    // Altitude in m above WGS84 spheroid [m]. Altitude serves as a proxy
                    // for air density which should be determined from altitude according
                    // to ISO Standard 2533:1975.
                    "altitude": 1743,
                    // Array of temperature values [degrees Centigrade] for which maximum
                    // power limits are given, approaching the shutdown temperature. The
                    // final element of the array should correspond to the shutdown
                    // temperature. At intermediate values of temperature, a linear
                    // interpolation of power is assumed.
                    "temperature": [10, -15],
                    // Array of maximum power [W] values produced by the turbine at
                    // corresponding values in the temperature array, at a given altitude
                    // or air_density.
                    "power_limit": [2e6, 1.1e6]
                  },
                  {
                    "$comment": "Example of a linear profile",
                    // Air density [kg/m^3] at which this derating profile applies.
                    "air_density": 1.0,
                    "temperature": [10, -15],
                    "power_limit": [2e6, 1.1e6]
                  },
                  {
                    "air_density": 1.225,
                    "temperature": [10, -15],
                    "power_limit": [2e6, 1.1e6]
                  }
                ],
                // Put in description that this should meet the endpoint of the derate ranges
                "shutdown_temperature": -15,
                "restart_temperature": -12,
                "restart_duration": 2
              },
              "hot": {
                "derating": [
                  {
                    "air_density": 1.0,
                    "$comment": "Example of a nonlinear profile",
                    "temperature": [40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45],
                    "power_limit": [2e6, 1.95e6, 1.85e6, 1.7e6, 1.4e6, 0.8e6]
                  },
                  {
                    "air_density": 1.225,
                    "temperature": [40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45],
                    "power_limit": [2e6, 1.95e6, 1.85e6, 1.7e6, 1.4e6, 0.8e6]
                  }
                ],
                "shutdown_temperature": 45,
                "restart_temperature": 40,
                "restart_duration": 0
              }
            }
          ]
        },