[API] Comply with W3C Trace Context

[psx95]

Fixes #74

Changes

• Fixes the listed failures in w3c trace-context compliance test suite.
• Adds a CI check which runs the w3c trace context tests for SPEC_LEVEL=1.
  • Test suites run are TraceContextTest & AdvancedTest.

Details

The following lists shows all the failing tests. Checked box indicates that the changes in this PR have fixed the test.

Currently failing tests from TraceContextTest suite

• [x] test_traceparent_header_name_valid_casing
• [x] test_traceparent_included_tracestate_missing
• [x] test_traceparent_ows_handling
• [x] test_traceparent_version_0xcc
• [x] test_tracestate_all_allowed_characters
• [x] test_tracestate_duplicated_keys
• [x] test_tracestate_empty_header
• [x] test_tracestate_header_name_valid_casing
• [x] test_tracestate_included_traceparent_included
• [x] test_tracestate_key_length_limit
• [x] test_tracestate_member_count_limit
• [x] test_tracestate_multiple_headers_different_keys
• [x] test_tracestate_ows_handling

Currently failing tests from AdvancedTest suite

• [x] test_multiple_requests_with_valid_traceparent

NOTE: The tests above were part of test suites TraceContextTest & AdvancedTest. These test suites Trace Context Level 1 support.

Current Status

All tests now passing. Test suites ran - TraceContextTest & AdvancedTest.

Additional Tasks

For significant contributions please make sure you have completed the following items:

• [x] CHANGELOG.md updated for non-trivial changes
• [x] Unit tests have been added
• [ ] Changes in public API reviewed

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[codecov[bot]]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 63.63636% with 4 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 87.83%. Comparing base (497eaf4) to head (894c042). Report is 154 commits behind head on main.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
...entelemetry/trace/propagation/http_trace_context.h	62.50%	3 Missing :warning:
api/include/opentelemetry/trace/trace_state.h	0.00%	1 Missing :warning:

Additional details and impacted files

[](https://app.codecov.io/gh/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-cpp/pull/3115?src=pr&el=tree&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=open-telemetry) ```diff @@ Coverage Diff @@ ## main #3115 +/- ## ========================================== + Coverage 87.12% 87.83% +0.72% ========================================== Files 200 195 -5 Lines 6109 6138 +29 ========================================== + Hits 5322 5391 +69 + Misses 787 747 -40 ``` | [Files with missing lines](https://app.codecov.io/gh/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-cpp/pull/3115?dropdown=coverage&src=pr&el=tree&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=open-telemetry) | Coverage Δ | | |---|---|---| | [api/include/opentelemetry/common/string\_util.h](https://app.codecov.io/gh/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-cpp/pull/3115?src=pr&el=tree&filepath=api%2Finclude%2Fopentelemetry%2Fcommon%2Fstring_util.h&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=open-telemetry#diff-YXBpL2luY2x1ZGUvb3BlbnRlbGVtZXRyeS9jb21tb24vc3RyaW5nX3V0aWwuaA==) | `100.00% <100.00%> (ø)` | | | [api/include/opentelemetry/trace/trace\_state.h](https://app.codecov.io/gh/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-cpp/pull/3115?src=pr&el=tree&filepath=api%2Finclude%2Fopentelemetry%2Ftrace%2Ftrace_state.h&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=open-telemetry#diff-YXBpL2luY2x1ZGUvb3BlbnRlbGVtZXRyeS90cmFjZS90cmFjZV9zdGF0ZS5o) | `97.60% <0.00%> (ø)` | | | [...entelemetry/trace/propagation/http\_trace\_context.h](https://app.codecov.io/gh/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-cpp/pull/3115?src=pr&el=tree&filepath=api%2Finclude%2Fopentelemetry%2Ftrace%2Fpropagation%2Fhttp_trace_context.h&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=open-telemetry#diff-YXBpL2luY2x1ZGUvb3BlbnRlbGVtZXRyeS90cmFjZS9wcm9wYWdhdGlvbi9odHRwX3RyYWNlX2NvbnRleHQuaA==) | `92.76% <62.50%> (-2.83%)` | :arrow_down: | ... and [99 files with indirect coverage changes](https://app.codecov.io/gh/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-cpp/pull/3115/indirect-changes?src=pr&el=tree-more&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=open-telemetry)