[sdk] Switch a couple guard calls to debug.assert in CircularBuffer

[CodeBlanch]

Relates to #2495

Changes

• CircularBuffer<T> is an internal class where our practice is to use Debug.Assert over Guard.*

Merge requirement checklist

• [X] CONTRIBUTING guidelines followed (license requirements, nullable enabled, static analysis, etc.)
• [x] Unit tests added/updated

[codecov[bot]]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests :white_check_mark:

Project coverage is 86.25%. Comparing base (6250307) to head (1da3d9d). Report is 293 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

[](https://app.codecov.io/gh/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-dotnet/pull/5789?src=pr&el=tree&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=open-telemetry) ```diff @@ Coverage Diff @@ ## main #5789 +/- ## ========================================== + Coverage 83.38% 86.25% +2.86% ========================================== Files 297 256 -41 Lines 12531 11138 -1393 ========================================== - Hits 10449 9607 -842 + Misses 2082 1531 -551 ``` | [Flag](https://app.codecov.io/gh/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-dotnet/pull/5789/flags?src=pr&el=flags&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=open-telemetry) | Coverage Δ | | |---|---|---| | [unittests](https://app.codecov.io/gh/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-dotnet/pull/5789/flags?src=pr&el=flag&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=open-telemetry) | `?` | | | [unittests-Project-Experimental](https://app.codecov.io/gh/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-dotnet/pull/5789/flags?src=pr&el=flag&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=open-telemetry) | `85.98% <ø> (?)` | | | [unittests-Project-Stable](https://app.codecov.io/gh/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-dotnet/pull/5789/flags?src=pr&el=flag&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=open-telemetry) | `86.24% <ø> (?)` | | Flags with carried forward coverage won't be shown. [Click here](https://docs.codecov.io/docs/carryforward-flags?utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=open-telemetry#carryforward-flags-in-the-pull-request-comment) to find out more. | [Files](https://app.codecov.io/gh/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-dotnet/pull/5789?dropdown=coverage&src=pr&el=tree&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=open-telemetry) | Coverage Δ | | |---|---|---| | [src/OpenTelemetry/Internal/CircularBuffer.cs](https://app.codecov.io/gh/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-dotnet/pull/5789?src=pr&el=tree&filepath=src%2FOpenTelemetry%2FInternal%2FCircularBuffer.cs&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=open-telemetry#diff-c3JjL09wZW5UZWxlbWV0cnkvSW50ZXJuYWwvQ2lyY3VsYXJCdWZmZXIuY3M=) | `91.42% <ø> (-0.47%)` | :arrow_down: | ... and [203 files with indirect coverage changes](https://app.codecov.io/gh/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-dotnet/pull/5789/indirect-changes?src=pr&el=tree-more&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=open-telemetry)