api: improve cache lock implementation

[SamuelPull]

Checklist

• [x] I have followed (at least) the PR section of the contributing guide.
• [x] I fixed all necessary PR warnings
• [x] The commit history is clean
• [x] The E2E tests are passing
• [x] If possible, the issue has been divided into more subtasks
• [x] I did a self review before requesting a review from another team member

Description

How to test

Couldn't reproduce the underlying condition. Just check that TB works and performs well.

Closes #1845

[github-actions[bot]]

	Warnings
:warning:	No CHANGELOG added.

Generated by :no_entry_sign: dangerJS against ee788f174cd6184ecb313faa2593cd63e8b246db

[openkfwCI]

	Notes	Time
:white_check_mark:	Note for Reviewer: E2E tests on pipeline 59257 on remote server succeeded	Tue, 28 May 2024 08:35:07 +0000

Generated by E2E-Test