planner, statistics: async load should load all column meta info for lite init (#53297)

[ti-chi-bot]

This is an automated cherry-pick of #53297

What problem does this PR solve?

Issue Number: ref https://github.com/pingcap/tidb/issues/53141

Problem Summary:

What changed and how does it work?

async load should do the same thing for the lite init

Check List

Tests

• [x] Unit test
• [ ] Integration test
• [ ] Manual test (add detailed scripts or steps below)
• [ ] No need to test

  • [ ] I checked and no code files have been changed.

Side effects

• [ ] Performance regression: Consumes more CPU
• [ ] Performance regression: Consumes more Memory
• [ ] Breaking backward compatibility

Documentation

• [ ] Affects user behaviors
• [ ] Contains syntax changes
• [ ] Contains variable changes
• [ ] Contains experimental features
• [ ] Changes MySQL compatibility

Release note

Please refer to Release Notes Language Style Guide to write a quality release note.

None

[ti-chi-bot[bot]]

[APPROVALNOTIFIER] This PR is APPROVED

This pull-request has been approved by: hawkingrei, winoros

The full list of commands accepted by this bot can be found here.

The pull request process is described here

Needs approval from an approver in each of these files: - ~~[OWNERS](https://github.com/pingcap/tidb/blob/release-8.1/OWNERS)~~ [hawkingrei,winoros] Approvers can indicate their approval by writing `/approve` in a comment Approvers can cancel approval by writing `/approve cancel` in a comment

[ti-chi-bot[bot]]

[LGTM Timeline notifier]

Timeline:

• 2024-05-15 20:55:16.286521453 +0000 UTC m=+1686670.043657018: :ballot_box_with_check: agreed by winoros.
• 2024-05-16 00:14:48.798231592 +0000 UTC m=+1698642.555367163: :ballot_box_with_check: agreed by hawkingrei.

[codecov[bot]]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 77.27273% with 15 lines in your changes are missing coverage. Please review.

:exclamation: No coverage uploaded for pull request base (release-8.1@b14e28f). Click here to learn what that means.

Additional details and impacted files

```diff @@ Coverage Diff @@ ## release-8.1 #53307 +/- ## ================================================ Coverage ? 71.1340% ================================================ Files ? 1465 Lines ? 421250 Branches ? 0 ================================================ Hits ? 299652 Misses ? 101095 Partials ? 20503 ``` | [Flag](https://app.codecov.io/gh/pingcap/tidb/pull/53307/flags?src=pr&el=flags&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=pingcap) | Coverage Δ | | |---|---|---| | [unit](https://app.codecov.io/gh/pingcap/tidb/pull/53307/flags?src=pr&el=flag&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=pingcap) | `71.1340% <77.2727%> (?)` | | Flags with carried forward coverage won't be shown. [Click here](https://docs.codecov.io/docs/carryforward-flags?utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=pingcap#carryforward-flags-in-the-pull-request-comment) to find out more. | [Components](https://app.codecov.io/gh/pingcap/tidb/pull/53307/components?src=pr&el=components&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=pingcap) | Coverage Δ | | |---|---|---| | [dumpling](https://app.codecov.io/gh/pingcap/tidb/pull/53307/components?src=pr&el=component&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=pingcap) | `53.9957% <0.0000%> (?)` | | | [parser](https://app.codecov.io/gh/pingcap/tidb/pull/53307/components?src=pr&el=component&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=pingcap) | `∅ <0.0000%> (?)` | | | [br](https://app.codecov.io/gh/pingcap/tidb/pull/53307/components?src=pr&el=component&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=pingcap) | `40.9772% <0.0000%> (?)` | |