fix: Raise InvalidOperationError for invalid float to decimal casts (e.g. Inf, NaN)

[lukemanley]

closes #19934

[codecov[bot]]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests :white_check_mark:

Project coverage is 79.48%. Comparing base (54a112d) to head (7a03034). Report is 1 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

```diff @@ Coverage Diff @@ ## main #19938 +/- ## ======================================= Coverage 79.48% 79.48% ======================================= Files 1555 1555 Lines 216213 216213 Branches 2456 2456 ======================================= + Hits 171862 171863 +1 + Misses 43793 43792 -1 Partials 558 558 ```

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