Provide Dockerfile as basis for testing in this repository

[BenjaminRodenberg]

Related to #3. Currently we are using a specific development version of FEniCS-X for our development. We should add a Dockerfile to this repository which is used as a basis for testing. A good template is provided here: https://github.com/nemocrys/dolfinx-openfoam/blob/main/docker/Dockerfile.

We need the follwoing:

• FEniCS-X (we now have to build manually, but should be replaced with dolfinx/dolfinx:latest in the future. but should be replaced with installation of a binary in the future; see the dockerfile for the fenics-adapter)
• preCICE (use preCICE 2.3.0)
• python-bindings (use 2.3.0.1)

We don't need/want:

• OpenFOAM and other dependencies.

[arvedes]

I added a Dockerfile based on the template mentioned above. It is not perfect at all and a way too extensive, but I think it should work for now.

[arvedes]

For now the Dockerfile is okay, but we should update / replace it once there is a new release. Refer to the discussion here: https://github.com/precice/fenicsx-adapter/pull/1#discussion_r819018128

[BenjaminRodenberg]

Then let's keep this issue open until we have a dockerfile that meets all requirements.

• Current state: Dockerfile builds fenics-x and preCICE from source.
• Additional requirement: Use a base-image from https://hub.docker.com/u/precice or https://hub.docker.com/u/fenicsproject to avoid duplication of installation commands. I prefer using the preCICE image as a basis, because this is consistent with our current architecture for the systemtests (see also https://github.com/precice/openfoam-adapter/pull/184, I updated the description of this issue correspondingly).