Include monthly matching of hydrogen

[energyLS]

Closes #194

Changes proposed in this Pull Request

This PR includes the monthly matching constraint of hydrogen

Open Questions:

• Matching for export hydrogen only or export + local hydrogen? -> Just export hydrogen + local AC demand
• The current implementation of annual matching (RES >= H2_export + AC_local) forces the local electricity system to be green as well. This is probably not intended in the first place but we have to be aware of it / fix it

Testing phase:

• run 200H model without matching, annual matching, monthly matching

Checklist

• [ ] I tested my contribution locally and it seems to work fine.
• [ ] Code and workflow changes are sufficiently documented.
• [ ] Newly introduced dependencies are added to envs/environment.yaml and envs/environment.docs.yaml.
• [ ] Changes in configuration options are added in all of config.default.yaml, config.tutorial.yaml, and test/config.test1.yaml.
• [ ] Changes in configuration options are also documented in doc/configtables/*.csv and line references are adjusted in doc/configuration.rst and doc/tutorial.rst.
• [ ] A note for the release notes doc/release_notes.rst is amended in the format of previous release notes, including reference to the requested PR.

[energyLS]

The monthly matching is implemented, but it seems not to work correctly: the electricity generation is fully fossil. Questions:

• Does the monthly matching influence the electricity generation for local electricity demand, and if so, why?

Testing options:

• set only e.g. PV to the desired technologies to match with hydrogen production and see what happens, which techs are included and which are not?

[energyLS]

The monthly matching is implemented, but it seems not to work correctly: the electricity generation is fully fossil. Questions:

* Does the monthly matching influence the electricity generation for local electricity demand, and if so, why?

Testing options:

* set only e.g. PV to the desired technologies to match with hydrogen production and see what happens, which techs are included and which are not?

Debugging provides the following insights:

• The "load" is not correct, should be set as series but is a dataframe. This probably leads to a wrong implementation of the LHS, hence the constraints which are written results in: RES + LOAD <= 0, but if LOAD is not correct then it results in RES <= 0 which explains why there is no RES in the model results. This is in line with model analysis, which allows e.g. solar once it is excluded from this constraint.

[energyLS]

LOAD issue is resolved. Monthly matching should work as intended. If the allowed_excess = 3 is set to 1 it highly overbuilds capacity, if set to 3 the results are identical to the scenario without constraint. More testing required @hazemakhalek

[hazemakhalek]

I added the option to include a reference case of 0 exports, With the reference case Constraint: RES_Generation(decision variable) - RES_Generation_reference_case(constant) >= Electrolysis_input(decision variable) - Electrolysis_input_ref_case(constant)

Without the reference case: RES_Generation >= Electrolysis_input

[hazemakhalek]

Would be nice if you check that before I merge @energyLS