[3.14] Address invalid inputs of TypeAliasType

[Daraan]

I've prepared this draft which contains two changes:

• typing_extensions.TypeAliasType not raising TypeError if a non-tuple is passed compared to the typing variant.

• backport of https://github.com/python/cpython/pull/124795 for <=3.11 (needs to be accepted first)

• [x] Await merge and change if necessary

• [x] Afterwards fix correct python versions. I currently assume the backport is valid in 3.14.

• [x] Should backport for 3.12-13 be made? Yes.

It should maybe noted that for 3.12.0-3.12.7 the typing.TypeAliasType variant does not contain this stricter backport. I do not think that there is a necessity to do a backport for 3.12 and it will likely do more harm (I did not test it).

[JelleZijlstra]

I merged the upstream PR but did not backport it to 3.12 and 3.13, so this should now be ready to go. I'll push some buttons to do so and then review the code.