When making requests through a Requests Session, if the first request is made with verify=False to disable cert verification, all subsequent requests to the same origin will continue to ignore cert verification regardless of changes to the value of verify. This behavior will continue for the lifecycle of the connection in the connection pool.
Remediation
Any of these options can be used to remediate the current issue, we highly recommend upgrading as the preferred mitigation.
Upgrade to requests>=2.32.0.
For requests<2.32.0, avoid setting verify=False for the first request to a host while using a Requests Session.
For requests<2.32.0, call close() on Session objects to clear existing connections if verify=False is used.
psf/requests (requests)
### [`v2.32.2`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2322-2024-05-21)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.32.1...v2.32.2)
**Deprecations**
- To provide a more stable migration for custom HTTPAdapters impacted
by the CVE changes in 2.32.0, we've renamed `_get_connection` to
a new public API, `get_connection_with_tls_context`. Existing custom
HTTPAdapters will need to migrate their code to use this new API.
`get_connection` is considered deprecated in all versions of Requests>=2.32.0.
A minimal (2-line) example has been provided in the linked PR to ease
migration, but we strongly urge users to evaluate if their custom adapter
is subject to the same issue described in CVE-2024-35195. ([#6710](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6710))
### [`v2.32.1`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2321-2024-05-20)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.32.0...v2.32.1)
**Bugfixes**
- Add missing test certs to the sdist distributed on PyPI.
### [`v2.32.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2320-2024-05-20)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.31.0...v2.32.0)
**Security**
- Fixed an issue where setting `verify=False` on the first request from a
Session will cause subsequent requests to the *same origin* to also ignore
cert verification, regardless of the value of `verify`.
(https://github.com/psf/requests/security/advisories/GHSA-9wx4-h78v-vm56)
**Improvements**
- `verify=True` now reuses a global SSLContext which should improve
request time variance between first and subsequent requests. It should
also minimize certificate load time on Windows systems when using a Python
version built with OpenSSL 3.x. ([#6667](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6667))
- Requests now supports optional use of character detection
(`chardet` or `charset_normalizer`) when repackaged or vendored.
This enables `pip` and other projects to minimize their vendoring
surface area. The `Response.text()` and `apparent_encoding` APIs
will default to `utf-8` if neither library is present. ([#6702](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6702))
**Bugfixes**
- Fixed bug in length detection where emoji length was incorrectly
calculated in the request content-length. ([#6589](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6589))
- Fixed deserialization bug in JSONDecodeError. ([#6629](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6629))
- Fixed bug where an extra leading `/` (path separator) could lead
urllib3 to unnecessarily reparse the request URI. ([#6644](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6644))
**Deprecations**
- Requests has officially added support for CPython 3.12 ([#6503](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6503))
- Requests has officially added support for PyPy 3.9 and 3.10 ([#6641](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6641))
- Requests has officially dropped support for CPython 3.7 ([#6642](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6642))
- Requests has officially dropped support for PyPy 3.7 and 3.8 ([#6641](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6641))
**Documentation**
- Various typo fixes and doc improvements.
**Packaging**
- Requests has started adopting some modern packaging practices.
The source files for the projects (formerly `requests`) is now located
in `src/requests` in the Requests sdist. ([#6506](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6506))
- Starting in Requests 2.33.0, Requests will migrate to a PEP 517 build system
using `hatchling`. This should not impact the average user, but extremely old
versions of packaging utilities may have issues with the new packaging format.
### [`v2.31.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2310-2023-05-22)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.30.0...v2.31.0)
**Security**
- Versions of Requests between v2.3.0 and v2.30.0 are vulnerable to potential
forwarding of `Proxy-Authorization` headers to destination servers when
following HTTPS redirects.
When proxies are defined with user info (`https://user:pass@proxy:8080`), Requests
will construct a `Proxy-Authorization` header that is attached to the request to
authenticate with the proxy.
In cases where Requests receives a redirect response, it previously reattached
the `Proxy-Authorization` header incorrectly, resulting in the value being
sent through the tunneled connection to the destination server. Users who rely on
defining their proxy credentials in the URL are *strongly* encouraged to upgrade
to Requests 2.31.0+ to prevent unintentional leakage and rotate their proxy
credentials once the change has been fully deployed.
Users who do not use a proxy or do not supply their proxy credentials through
the user information portion of their proxy URL are not subject to this
vulnerability.
Full details can be read in our [Github Security Advisory](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/security/advisories/GHSA-j8r2-6x86-q33q)
and [CVE-2023-32681](https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-32681).
### [`v2.30.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2300-2023-05-03)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.29.0...v2.30.0)
**Dependencies**
- ⚠️ Added support for urllib3 2.0. ⚠️
This may contain minor breaking changes so we advise careful testing and
reviewing https://urllib3.readthedocs.io/en/latest/v2-migration-guide.html
prior to upgrading.
Users who wish to stay on urllib3 1.x can pin to `urllib3<2`.
### [`v2.29.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2290-2023-04-26)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.28.2...v2.29.0)
**Improvements**
- Requests now defers chunked requests to the urllib3 implementation to improve
standardization. ([#6226](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6226))
- Requests relaxes header component requirements to support bytes/str subclasses. ([#6356](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6356))
### [`v2.28.2`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2282-2023-01-12)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.28.1...v2.28.2)
**Dependencies**
- Requests now supports charset_normalizer 3.x. ([#6261](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6261))
**Bugfixes**
- Updated MissingSchema exception to suggest https scheme rather than http. ([#6188](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6188))
### [`v2.28.1`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2281-2022-06-29)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.28.0...v2.28.1)
**Improvements**
- Speed optimization in `iter_content` with transition to `yield from`. ([#6170](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6170))
**Dependencies**
- Added support for chardet 5.0.0 ([#6179](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6179))
- Added support for charset-normalizer 2.1.0 ([#6169](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6169))
### [`v2.28.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2280-2022-06-09)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.27.1...v2.28.0)
**Deprecations**
- ⚠️ Requests has officially dropped support for Python 2.7. ⚠️ ([#6091](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6091))
- Requests has officially dropped support for Python 3.6 (including pypy3.6). ([#6091](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6091))
**Improvements**
- Wrap JSON parsing issues in Request's JSONDecodeError for payloads without
an encoding to make `json()` API consistent. ([#6097](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6097))
- Parse header components consistently, raising an InvalidHeader error in
all invalid cases. ([#6154](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6154))
- Added provisional 3.11 support with current beta build. ([#6155](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6155))
- Requests got a makeover and we decided to paint it black. ([#6095](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6095))
**Bugfixes**
- Fixed bug where setting `CURL_CA_BUNDLE` to an empty string would disable
cert verification. All Requests 2.x versions before 2.28.0 are affected. ([#6074](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6074))
- Fixed urllib3 exception leak, wrapping `urllib3.exceptions.SSLError` with
`requests.exceptions.SSLError` for `content` and `iter_content`. ([#6057](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6057))
- Fixed issue where invalid Windows registry entries caused proxy resolution
to raise an exception rather than ignoring the entry. ([#6149](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6149))
- Fixed issue where entire payload could be included in the error message for
JSONDecodeError. ([#6036](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6036))
### [`v2.27.1`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2271-2022-01-05)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.27.0...v2.27.1)
**Bugfixes**
- Fixed parsing issue that resulted in the `auth` component being
dropped from proxy URLs. ([#6028](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6028))
### [`v2.27.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2270-2022-01-03)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.26.0...v2.27.0)
**Improvements**
- Officially added support for Python 3.10. ([#5928](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/5928))
- Added a `requests.exceptions.JSONDecodeError` to unify JSON exceptions between
Python 2 and 3. This gets raised in the `response.json()` method, and is
backwards compatible as it inherits from previously thrown exceptions.
Can be caught from `requests.exceptions.RequestException` as well. ([#5856](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/5856))
- Improved error text for misnamed `InvalidSchema` and `MissingSchema`
exceptions. This is a temporary fix until exceptions can be renamed
(Schema->Scheme). ([#6017](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6017))
- Improved proxy parsing for proxy URLs missing a scheme. This will address
recent changes to `urlparse` in Python 3.9+. ([#5917](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/5917))
**Bugfixes**
- Fixed defect in `extract_zipped_paths` which could result in an infinite loop
for some paths. ([#5851](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/5851))
- Fixed handling for `AttributeError` when calculating length of files obtained
by `Tarfile.extractfile()`. ([#5239](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/5239))
- Fixed urllib3 exception leak, wrapping `urllib3.exceptions.InvalidHeader` with
`requests.exceptions.InvalidHeader`. ([#5914](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/5914))
- Fixed bug where two Host headers were sent for chunked requests. ([#5391](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/5391))
- Fixed regression in Requests 2.26.0 where `Proxy-Authorization` was
incorrectly stripped from all requests sent with `Session.send`. ([#5924](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/5924))
- Fixed performance regression in 2.26.0 for hosts with a large number of
proxies available in the environment. ([#5924](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/5924))
- Fixed idna exception leak, wrapping `UnicodeError` with
`requests.exceptions.InvalidURL` for URLs with a leading dot (.) in the
domain. ([#5414](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/5414))
**Deprecations**
- Requests support for Python 2.7 and 3.6 will be ending in 2022. While we
don't have exact dates, Requests 2.27.x is likely to be the last release
series providing support.
### [`v2.26.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2260-2021-07-13)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.25.1...v2.26.0)
**Improvements**
- Requests now supports Brotli compression, if either the `brotli` or
`brotlicffi` package is installed. ([#5783](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/5783))
- `Session.send` now correctly resolves proxy configurations from both
the Session and Request. Behavior now matches `Session.request`. ([#5681](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/5681))
**Bugfixes**
- Fixed a race condition in zip extraction when using Requests in parallel
from zip archive. ([#5707](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/5707))
**Dependencies**
- Instead of `chardet`, use the MIT-licensed `charset_normalizer` for Python3
to remove license ambiguity for projects bundling requests. If `chardet`
is already installed on your machine it will be used instead of `charset_normalizer`
to keep backwards compatibility. ([#5797](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/5797))
You can also install `chardet` while installing requests by
specifying `[use_chardet_on_py3]` extra as follows:
```shell
pip install "requests[use_chardet_on_py3]"
```
Python2 still depends upon the `chardet` module.
- Requests now supports `idna` 3.x on Python 3. `idna` 2.x will continue to
be used on Python 2 installations. ([#5711](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/5711))
**Deprecations**
- The `requests[security]` extra has been converted to a no-op install.
PyOpenSSL is no longer the recommended secure option for Requests. ([#5867](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/5867))
- Requests has officially dropped support for Python 3.5. ([#5867](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/5867))
### [`v2.25.1`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2251-2020-12-16)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.25.0...v2.25.1)
**Bugfixes**
- Requests now treats `application/json` as `utf8` by default. Resolving
inconsistencies between `r.text` and `r.json` output. ([#5673](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/5673))
**Dependencies**
- Requests now supports chardet v4.x.
### [`v2.25.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2250-2020-11-11)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.24.0...v2.25.0)
**Improvements**
- Added support for NETRC environment variable. ([#5643](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/5643))
**Dependencies**
- Requests now supports urllib3 v1.26.
**Deprecations**
- Requests v2.25.x will be the last release series with support for Python 3.5.
- The `requests[security]` extra is officially deprecated and will be removed
in Requests v2.26.0.
### [`v2.24.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2240-2020-06-17)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.23.0...v2.24.0)
**Improvements**
- pyOpenSSL TLS implementation is now only used if Python
either doesn't have an `ssl` module or doesn't support
SNI. Previously pyOpenSSL was unconditionally used if available.
This applies even if pyOpenSSL is installed via the
`requests[security]` extra ([#5443](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/5443))
- Redirect resolution should now only occur when
`allow_redirects` is True. ([#5492](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/5492))
- No longer perform unnecessary Content-Length calculation for
requests that won't use it. ([#5496](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/5496))
### [`v2.23.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2230-2020-02-19)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.22.0...v2.23.0)
**Improvements**
- Remove defunct reference to `prefetch` in Session `__attrs__` ([#5110](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/5110))
**Bugfixes**
- Requests no longer outputs password in basic auth usage warning. ([#5099](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/5099))
**Dependencies**
- Pinning for `chardet` and `idna` now uses major version instead of minor.
This hopefully reduces the need for releases every time a dependency is updated.
### [`v2.22.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2220-2019-05-15)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.21.0...v2.22.0)
**Dependencies**
- Requests now supports urllib3 v1.25.2.
(note: 1.25.0 and 1.25.1 are incompatible)
**Deprecations**
- Requests has officially stopped support for Python 3.4.
### [`v2.21.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2210-2018-12-10)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.20.1...v2.21.0)
**Dependencies**
- Requests now supports idna v2.8.
### [`v2.20.1`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2201-2018-11-08)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.20.0...v2.20.1)
**Bugfixes**
- Fixed bug with unintended Authorization header stripping for
redirects using default ports (http/80, https/443).
### [`v2.20.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2200-2018-10-18)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.19.1...v2.20.0)
**Bugfixes**
- Content-Type header parsing is now case-insensitive (e.g.
charset=utf8 v Charset=utf8).
- Fixed exception leak where certain redirect urls would raise
uncaught urllib3 exceptions.
- Requests removes Authorization header from requests redirected
from https to http on the same hostname. (CVE-2018-18074)
- `should_bypass_proxies` now handles URIs without hostnames (e.g.
files).
**Dependencies**
- Requests now supports urllib3 v1.24.
**Deprecations**
- Requests has officially stopped support for Python 2.6.
### [`v2.19.1`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2191-2018-06-14)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.19.0...v2.19.1)
**Bugfixes**
- Fixed issue where status_codes.py's `init` function failed trying
to append to a `__doc__` value of `None`.
### [`v2.19.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2190-2018-06-12)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.18.4...v2.19.0)
**Improvements**
- Warn user about possible slowdown when using cryptography version
< 1.3.4
- Check for invalid host in proxy URL, before forwarding request to
adapter.
- Fragments are now properly maintained across redirects. (RFC7231
7.1.2)
- Removed use of cgi module to expedite library load time.
- Added support for SHA-256 and SHA-512 digest auth algorithms.
- Minor performance improvement to `Request.content`.
- Migrate to using collections.abc for 3.7 compatibility.
**Bugfixes**
- Parsing empty `Link` headers with `parse_header_links()` no longer
return one bogus entry.
- Fixed issue where loading the default certificate bundle from a zip
archive would raise an `IOError`.
- Fixed issue with unexpected `ImportError` on windows system which do
not support `winreg` module.
- DNS resolution in proxy bypass no longer includes the username and
password in the request. This also fixes the issue of DNS queries
failing on macOS.
- Properly normalize adapter prefixes for url comparison.
- Passing `None` as a file pointer to the `files` param no longer
raises an exception.
- Calling `copy` on a `RequestsCookieJar` will now preserve the cookie
policy correctly.
**Dependencies**
- We now support idna v2.7.
- We now support urllib3 v1.23.
### [`v2.18.4`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2184-2017-08-15)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.18.3...v2.18.4)
**Improvements**
- Error messages for invalid headers now include the header name for
easier debugging
**Dependencies**
- We now support idna v2.6.
### [`v2.18.3`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2183-2017-08-02)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.18.2...v2.18.3)
**Improvements**
- Running `$ python -m requests.help` now includes the installed
version of idna.
**Bugfixes**
- Fixed issue where Requests would raise `ConnectionError` instead of
`SSLError` when encountering SSL problems when using urllib3 v1.22.
### [`v2.18.2`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2182-2017-07-25)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.18.1...v2.18.2)
**Bugfixes**
- `requests.help` no longer fails on Python 2.6 due to the absence of
`ssl.OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER`.
**Dependencies**
- We now support urllib3 v1.22.
### [`v2.18.1`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2181-2017-06-14)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.18.0...v2.18.1)
**Bugfixes**
- Fix an error in the packaging whereby the `*.whl` contained
incorrect data that regressed the fix in v2.17.3.
### [`v2.18.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2180-2017-06-14)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.17.3...v2.18.0)
**Improvements**
- `Response` is now a context manager, so can be used directly in a
`with` statement without first having to be wrapped by
`contextlib.closing()`.
**Bugfixes**
- Resolve installation failure if multiprocessing is not available
- Resolve tests crash if multiprocessing is not able to determine the
number of CPU cores
- Resolve error swallowing in utils set_environ generator
### [`v2.17.3`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2173-2017-05-29)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.17.2...v2.17.3)
**Improvements**
- Improved `packages` namespace identity support, for monkeypatching
libraries.
### [`v2.17.2`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2172-2017-05-29)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.17.1...v2.17.2)
**Improvements**
- Improved `packages` namespace identity support, for monkeypatching
libraries.
### [`v2.17.1`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2171-2017-05-29)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.17.0...v2.17.1)
**Improvements**
- Improved `packages` namespace identity support, for monkeypatching
libraries.
### [`v2.17.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2170-2017-05-29)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.16.5...v2.17.0)
**Improvements**
- Removal of the 301 redirect cache. This improves thread-safety.
### [`v2.16.5`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2165-2017-05-28)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.16.4...v2.16.5)
- Improvements to `$ python -m requests.help`.
### [`v2.16.4`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2164-2017-05-27)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.16.3...v2.16.4)
- Introduction of the `$ python -m requests.help` command, for
debugging with maintainers!
### [`v2.16.3`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2163-2017-05-27)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.16.2...v2.16.3)
- Further restored the `requests.packages` namespace for compatibility
reasons.
### [`v2.16.2`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2162-2017-05-27)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.16.1...v2.16.2)
- Further restored the `requests.packages` namespace for compatibility
reasons.
No code modification (noted below) should be necessary any longer.
### [`v2.16.1`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2161-2017-05-27)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.16.0...v2.16.1)
- Restored the `requests.packages` namespace for compatibility
reasons.
- Bugfix for `urllib3` version parsing.
**Note**: code that was written to import against the
`requests.packages` namespace previously will have to import code that
rests at this module-level now.
For example:
from requests.packages.urllib3.poolmanager import PoolManager
Will need to be re-written to be:
from requests.packages import urllib3
urllib3.poolmanager.PoolManager
Or, even better:
from urllib3.poolmanager import PoolManager
### [`v2.16.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2160-2017-05-26)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.15.1...v2.16.0)
- Unvendor ALL the things!
### [`v2.15.1`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2151-2017-05-26)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.15.0...v2.15.1)
- Everyone makes mistakes.
### [`v2.15.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2150-2017-05-26)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.14.2...v2.15.0)
**Improvements**
- Introduction of the `Response.next` property, for getting the next
`PreparedResponse` from a redirect chain (when
`allow_redirects=False`).
- Internal refactoring of `__version__` module.
**Bugfixes**
- Restored once-optional parameter for
`requests.utils.get_environ_proxies()`.
### [`v2.14.2`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2142-2017-05-10)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.14.1...v2.14.2)
**Bugfixes**
- Changed a less-than to an equal-to and an or in the dependency
markers to widen compatibility with older setuptools releases.
### [`v2.14.1`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2141-2017-05-09)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.14.0...v2.14.1)
**Bugfixes**
- Changed the dependency markers to widen compatibility with older pip
releases.
### [`v2.14.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2140-2017-05-09)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.13.0...v2.14.0)
**Improvements**
- It is now possible to pass `no_proxy` as a key to the `proxies`
dictionary to provide handling similar to the `NO_PROXY` environment
variable.
- When users provide invalid paths to certificate bundle files or
directories Requests now raises `IOError`, rather than failing at
the time of the HTTPS request with a fairly inscrutable certificate
validation error.
- The behavior of `SessionRedirectMixin` was slightly altered.
`resolve_redirects` will now detect a redirect by calling
`get_redirect_target(response)` instead of directly querying
`Response.is_redirect` and `Response.headers['location']`. Advanced
users will be able to process malformed redirects more easily.
- Changed the internal calculation of elapsed request time to have
higher resolution on Windows.
- Added `win_inet_pton` as conditional dependency for the `[socks]`
extra on Windows with Python 2.7.
- Changed the proxy bypass implementation on Windows: the proxy bypass
check doesn't use forward and reverse DNS requests anymore
- URLs with schemes that begin with `http` but are not `http` or
`https` no longer have their host parts forced to lowercase.
**Bugfixes**
- Much improved handling of non-ASCII `Location` header values in
redirects. Fewer `UnicodeDecodeErrors` are encountered on Python 2,
and Python 3 now correctly understands that Latin-1 is unlikely to
be the correct encoding.
- If an attempt to `seek` file to find out its length fails, we now
appropriately handle that by aborting our content-length
calculations.
- Restricted `HTTPDigestAuth` to only respond to auth challenges made
on 4XX responses, rather than to all auth challenges.
- Fixed some code that was firing `DeprecationWarning` on Python 3.6.
- The dismayed person emoticon (`/o\\`) no longer has a big head. I'm
sure this is what you were all worrying about most.
**Miscellaneous**
- Updated bundled urllib3 to v1.21.1.
- Updated bundled chardet to v3.0.2.
- Updated bundled idna to v2.5.
- Updated bundled certifi to 2017.4.17.
### [`v2.13.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2130-2017-01-24)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.12.5...v2.13.0)
**Features**
- Only load the `idna` library when we've determined we need it. This
will save some memory for users.
**Miscellaneous**
- Updated bundled urllib3 to 1.20.
- Updated bundled idna to 2.2.
### [`v2.12.5`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2125-2017-01-18)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.12.4...v2.12.5)
**Bugfixes**
- Fixed an issue with JSON encoding detection, specifically detecting
big-endian UTF-32 with BOM.
### [`v2.12.4`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2124-2016-12-14)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.12.3...v2.12.4)
**Bugfixes**
- Fixed regression from 2.12.2 where non-string types were rejected in
the basic auth parameters. While support for this behaviour has been
re-added, the behaviour is deprecated and will be removed in the
future.
### [`v2.12.3`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2123-2016-12-01)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.12.2...v2.12.3)
**Bugfixes**
- Fixed regression from v2.12.1 for URLs with schemes that begin with
"http". These URLs have historically been processed as though they
were HTTP-schemed URLs, and so have had parameters added. This was
removed in v2.12.2 in an overzealous attempt to resolve problems
with IDNA-encoding those URLs. This change was reverted: the other
fixes for IDNA-encoding have been judged to be sufficient to return
to the behaviour Requests had before v2.12.0.
### [`v2.12.2`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2122-2016-11-30)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.12.1...v2.12.2)
**Bugfixes**
- Fixed several issues with IDNA-encoding URLs that are technically
invalid but which are widely accepted. Requests will now attempt to
IDNA-encode a URL if it can but, if it fails, and the host contains
only ASCII characters, it will be passed through optimistically.
This will allow users to opt-in to using IDNA2003 themselves if they
want to, and will also allow technically invalid but still common
hostnames.
- Fixed an issue where URLs with leading whitespace would raise
`InvalidSchema` errors.
- Fixed an issue where some URLs without the HTTP or HTTPS schemes
would still have HTTP URL preparation applied to them.
- Fixed an issue where Unicode strings could not be used in basic
auth.
- Fixed an issue encountered by some Requests plugins where
constructing a Response object would cause `Response.content` to
raise an `AttributeError`.
### [`v2.12.1`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2121-2016-11-16)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.12.0...v2.12.1)
**Bugfixes**
- Updated setuptools 'security' extra for the new PyOpenSSL backend in
urllib3.
**Miscellaneous**
- Updated bundled urllib3 to 1.19.1.
### [`v2.12.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2120-2016-11-15)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.11.1...v2.12.0)
**Improvements**
- Updated support for internationalized domain names from IDNA2003 to
IDNA2008. This updated support is required for several forms of IDNs
and is mandatory for .de domains.
- Much improved heuristics for guessing content lengths: Requests will
no longer read an entire `StringIO` into memory.
- Much improved logic for recalculating `Content-Length` headers for
`PreparedRequest` objects.
- Improved tolerance for file-like objects that have no `tell` method
but do have a `seek` method.
- Anything that is a subclass of `Mapping` is now treated like a
dictionary by the `data=` keyword argument.
- Requests now tolerates empty passwords in proxy credentials, rather
than stripping the credentials.
- If a request is made with a file-like object as the body and that
request is redirected with a 307 or 308 status code, Requests will
now attempt to rewind the body object so it can be replayed.
**Bugfixes**
- When calling `response.close`, the call to `close` will be
propagated through to non-urllib3 backends.
- Fixed issue where the `ALL_PROXY` environment variable would be
preferred over scheme-specific variables like `HTTP_PROXY`.
- Fixed issue where non-UTF8 reason phrases got severely mangled by
falling back to decoding using ISO 8859-1 instead.
- Fixed a bug where Requests would not correctly correlate cookies set
when using custom Host headers if those Host headers did not use the
native string type for the platform.
**Miscellaneous**
- Updated bundled urllib3 to 1.19.
- Updated bundled certifi certs to 2016.09.26.
### [`v2.11.1`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2111-2016-08-17)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.11.0...v2.11.1)
**Bugfixes**
- Fixed a bug when using `iter_content` with `decode_unicode=True` for
streamed bodies would raise `AttributeError`. This bug was
introduced in 2.11.
- Strip Content-Type and Transfer-Encoding headers from the header
block when following a redirect that transforms the verb from
POST/PUT to GET.
### [`v2.11.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2110-2016-08-08)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.10.0...v2.11.0)
**Improvements**
- Added support for the `ALL_PROXY` environment variable.
- Reject header values that contain leading whitespace or newline
characters to reduce risk of header smuggling.
**Bugfixes**
- Fixed occasional `TypeError` when attempting to decode a JSON
response that occurred in an error case. Now correctly returns a
`ValueError`.
- Requests would incorrectly ignore a non-CIDR IP address in the
`NO_PROXY` environment variables: Requests now treats it as a
specific IP.
- Fixed a bug when sending JSON data that could cause us to encounter
obscure OpenSSL errors in certain network conditions (yes, really).
- Added type checks to ensure that `iter_content` only accepts
integers and `None` for chunk sizes.
- Fixed issue where responses whose body had not been fully consumed
would have the underlying connection closed but not returned to the
connection pool, which could cause Requests to hang in situations
where the `HTTPAdapter` had been configured to use a blocking
connection pool.
**Miscellaneous**
- Updated bundled urllib3 to 1.16.
- Some previous releases accidentally accepted non-strings as
acceptable header values. This release does not.
### [`v2.10.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2100-2016-04-29)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.9.2...v2.10.0)
**New Features**
- SOCKS Proxy Support! (requires PySocks;
`$ pip install requests[socks]`)
**Miscellaneous**
- Updated bundled urllib3 to 1.15.1.
### [`v2.9.2`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#292-2016-04-29)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.9.1...v2.9.2)
**Improvements**
- Change built-in CaseInsensitiveDict (used for headers) to use
OrderedDict as its underlying datastore.
**Bugfixes**
- Don't use redirect_cache if allow_redirects=False
- When passed objects that throw exceptions from `tell()`, send them
via chunked transfer encoding instead of failing.
- Raise a ProxyError for proxy related connection issues.
### [`v2.9.1`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#291-2015-12-21)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.9.0...v2.9.1)
**Bugfixes**
- Resolve regression introduced in 2.9.0 that made it impossible to
send binary strings as bodies in Python 3.
- Fixed errors when calculating cookie expiration dates in certain
locales.
**Miscellaneous**
- Updated bundled urllib3 to 1.13.1.
### [`v2.9.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#290-2015-12-15)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.8.1...v2.9.0)
**Minor Improvements** (Backwards compatible)
- The `verify` keyword argument now supports being passed a path to a
directory of CA certificates, not just a single-file bundle.
- Warnings are now emitted when sending files opened in text mode.
- Added the 511 Network Authentication Required status code to the
status code registry.
**Bugfixes**
- For file-like objects that are not sought to the very beginning, we
now send the content length for the number of bytes we will actually
read, rather than the total size of the file, allowing partial file
uploads.
- When uploading file-like objects, if they are empty or have no
obvious content length we set `Transfer-Encoding: chunked` rather
than `Content-Length: 0`.
- We correctly receive the response in buffered mode when uploading
chunked bodies.
- We now handle being passed a query string as a bytestring on Python
3, by decoding it as UTF-8.
- Sessions are now closed in all cases (exceptional and not) when
using the functional API rather than leaking and waiting for the
garbage collector to clean them up.
- Correctly handle digest auth headers with a malformed `qop`
directive that contains no token, by treating it the same as if no
`qop` directive was provided at all.
- Minor performance improvements when removing specific cookies by
name.
**Miscellaneous**
- Updated urllib3 to 1.13.
### [`v2.8.1`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#281-2015-10-13)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.8.0...v2.8.1)
**Bugfixes**
- Update certificate bundle to match `certifi` 2015.9.6.2's weak
certificate bundle.
- Fix a bug in 2.8.0 where requests would raise `ConnectTimeout`
instead of `ConnectionError`
- When using the PreparedRequest flow, requests will now correctly
respect the `json` parameter. Broken in 2.8.0.
- When using the PreparedRequest flow, requests will now correctly
handle a Unicode-string method name on Python 2. Broken in 2.8.0.
### [`v2.8.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#280-2015-10-05)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.7.0...v2.8.0)
**Minor Improvements** (Backwards Compatible)
- Requests now supports per-host proxies. This allows the `proxies`
dictionary to have entries of the form
`{'://': ''}`. Host-specific proxies will
be used in preference to the previously-supported scheme-specific
ones, but the previous syntax will continue to work.
- `Response.raise_for_status` now prints the URL that failed as part
of the exception message.
- `requests.utils.get_netrc_auth` now takes an `raise_errors` kwarg,
defaulting to `False`. When `True`, errors parsing `.netrc` files
cause exceptions to be thrown.
- Change to bundled projects import logic to make it easier to
unbundle requests downstream.
- Changed the default User-Agent string to avoid leaking data on
Linux: now contains only the requests version.
**Bugfixes**
- The `json` parameter to `post()` and friends will now only be used
if neither `data` nor `files` are present, consistent with the
documentation.
- We now ignore empty fields in the `NO_PROXY` environment variable.
- Fixed problem where `httplib.BadStatusLine` would get raised if
combining `stream=True` with `contextlib.closing`.
- Prevented bugs where we would attempt to return the same connection
back to the connection pool twice when sending a Chunked body.
- Miscellaneous minor internal changes.
- Digest Auth support is now thread safe.
**Updates**
- Updated urllib3 to 1.12.
### [`v2.7.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#270-2015-05-03)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.6.2...v2.7.0)
This is the first release that follows our new release process. For
more, see [our
documentation](https://requests.readthedocs.io/en/latest/community/release-process/).
**Bugfixes**
- Updated urllib3 to 1.10.4, resolving several bugs involving chunked
transfer encoding and response framing.
### [`v2.6.2`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#262-2015-04-23)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.6.1...v2.6.2)
**Bugfixes**
- Fix regression where compressed data that was sent as chunked data
was not properly decompressed. ([#2561](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/2561))
### [`v2.6.1`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#261-2015-04-22)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.6.0...v2.6.1)
**Bugfixes**
- Remove VendorAlias import machinery introduced in v2.5.2.
- Simplify the PreparedRequest.prepare API: We no longer require the
user to pass an empty list to the hooks keyword argument. (c.f.
[#2552](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/2552))
- Resolve redirects now receives and forwards all of the original
arguments to the adapter. ([#2503](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/2503))
- Handle UnicodeDecodeErrors when trying to deal with a unicode URL
that cannot be encoded in ASCII. ([#2540](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/2540))
- Populate the parsed path of the URI field when performing Digest
Authentication. ([#2426](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/2426))
- Copy a PreparedRequest's CookieJar more reliably when it is not an
instance of RequestsCookieJar. ([#2527](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/2527))
### [`v2.6.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#260-2015-03-14)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.5.3...v2.6.0)
**Bugfixes**
- CVE-2015-2296: Fix handling of cookies on redirect. Previously a
cookie without a host value set would use the hostname for the
redirected URL exposing requests users to session fixation attacks
and potentially cookie stealing. This was disclosed privately by
Matthew Daley of [BugFuzz](https://bugfuzz.com). This affects all
versions of requests from v2.1.0 to v2.5.3 (inclusive on both ends).
- Fix error when requests is an `install_requires` dependency and
`python setup.py test` is run. ([#2462](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/2462))
- Fix error when urllib3 is unbundled and requests continues to use
the vendored import location.
- Include fixes to `urllib3`'s header handling.
- Requests' handling of unvendored dependencies is now more
restrictive.
**Features and Improvements**
- Support bytearrays when passed as parameters in the `files`
argument. ([#2468](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/2468))
- Avoid data duplication when creating a request with `str`, `bytes`,
or `bytearray` input to the `files` argument.
### [`v2.5.3`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#253-2015-02-24)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.5.2...v2.5.3)
**Bugfixes**
- Revert changes to our vendored certificate bundle. For more context
see ([#2455](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/2455), [#2456](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/2456), and )
### [`v2.5.2`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#252-2015-02-23)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.5.1...v2.5.2)
**Features and Improvements**
- Add sha256 fingerprint support.
([shazow/urllib3#540](https://redirect.github.com/shazow/urllib3/pull/540))
- Improve the performance of headers.
([shazow/urllib3#544](https://redirect.github.com/shazow/urllib3/pull/544))
**Bugfixes**
- Copy pip's import machinery. When downstream redistributors remove
requests.packages.urllib3 the import machinery will continue to let
those same symbols work. Example usage in requests' documentation
and 3rd-party libraries relying on the vendored copies of urllib3
will work without having to fallback to the system urllib3.
- Attempt to quote parts of the URL on redirect if unquoting and then
quoting fails. ([#2356](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/2356))
- Fix filename type check for multipart form-data uploads. ([#2411](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/2411))
- Properly handle the case where a server issuing digest
authentication challenges provides both auth and auth-int
qop-values. ([#2408](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/2408))
- Fix a socket leak.
([shazow/urllib3#549](https://redirect.github.com/shazow/urllib3/pull/549))
- Fix multiple `Set-Cookie` headers properly.
([shazow/urllib3#534](https://redirect.github.com/shazow/urllib3/pull/534))
- Disable the built-in hostname verification.
([shazow/urllib3#526](https://redirect.github.com/shazow/urllib3/pull/526))
- Fix the behaviour of decoding an exhausted stream.
([shazow/urllib3#535](https://redirect.github.com/shazow/urllib3/pull/535))
**Security**
- Pulled in an updated `cacert.pem`.
- Drop RC4 from the default cipher list.
([shazow/urllib3#551](https://redirect.github.com/shazow/urllib3/pull/551))
### [`v2.5.1`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#251-2014-12-23)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.5.0...v2.5.1)
**Behavioural Changes**
- Only catch HTTPErrors in raise_for_status ([#2382](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/2382))
**Bugfixes**
- Handle LocationParseError from urllib3 ([#2344](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/2344))
- Handle file-like object filenames that are not strings ([#2379](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/2379))
- Unbreak HTTPDigestAuth handler. Allow new nonces to be negotiated
([#2389](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/2389))
### [`v2.5.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#250-2014-12-01)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.4.3...v2.5.0)
**Improvements**
- Allow usage of urllib3's Retry object with HTTPAdapters ([#2216](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/2216))
- The `iter_lines` method on a response now accepts a delimiter with
which to split the content ([#2295](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/2295))
**Behavioural Changes**
- Add deprecation warnings to functions in requests.utils that will be
removed in 3.0 ([#2309](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/2309))
- Sessions used by the functional API are always closed ([#2326](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/2326))
- Restrict requests to HTTP/1.1 and HTTP/1.0 (stop accepting HTTP/0.9)
([#2323](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/2323))
**Bugfixes**
- Only parse the URL once ([#2353](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/2353))
- Allow Content-Length header to always be overridden ([#2332](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/2332))
- Properly handle files in HTTPDigestAuth ([#2333](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/2333))
- Cap redirect_cache size to prevent memory abuse ([#2299](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/2299))
- Fix HTTPDigestAuth handling of redirects after authenticating
successfully ([#2253](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/2253))
- Fix crash with custom method parameter to Session.request ([#2317](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/2317))
- Fix how Link headers are parsed using the regular expression library
([#2271](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/2271))
**Documentation**
- Add more references for interlinking ([#2348](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/2348))
- Update CSS for theme ([#2290](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/2290))
- Update width of buttons and sidebar ([#2289](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/2289))
- Replace references of Gittip with Gratipay ([#2282](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/2282))
- Add link to changelog in sidebar ([#2273](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/2273))
### [`v2.4.3`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#243-2014-10-06)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.4.2...v2.4.3)
**Bugfixes**
- Unicode URL improvements for Python 2.
- Re-order JSON param for backwards compat.
- Automatically defrag authentication schemes from host/pass URIs.
([#2249](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/2249))
### [`v2.4.2`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#242-2014-10-05)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.4.1...v2.4.2)
**Improvements**
- FINALLY! Add json parameter for uploads!
([#2258](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/pull/2258))
- Support for bytestring URLs on Python 3.x
([#2238](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/pull/2238))
**Bugfixes**
- Avoid getting stuck in a loop
([#2244](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/pull/2244))
- Multiple calls to iter\* fail with unhelpful error.
([#2240](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/2240),
[#2241](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/2241))
**Documentation**
- Correct redirection introduction
([#2245](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/pull/2245/))
- Added example of how to send multiple files in one request.
([#2227](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/pull/2227/))
- Clarify how to pass a custom set of CAs
([#2248](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/pull/2248/))
### [`v2.4.1`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#241-2014-09-09)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.4.0...v2.4.1)
- Now has a "security" package extras set,
`$ pip install requests[security]`
- Requests will now use Certifi if it is available.
- Capture and re-raise urllib3 ProtocolError
- Bugfix for responses that attempt to redirect to themselves forever
(wtf?).
### [`v2.4.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#240-2014-08-29)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.3.0...v2.4.0)
**Behavioral Changes**
- `Connection: keep-alive` header is now sent automatically.
**Improvements**
- Support for connect timeouts! Timeout now accepts a tuple (connect,
read) which is used to set individual connect and read timeouts.
- Allow copying of PreparedRequests without headers/cookies.
- Updated bundled urllib3 version.
- Refactored settings loading from environment -- new
Session.merge_environment_settings.
- Handle socket errors in iter_content.
### [`v2.3.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#230-2014-05-16)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.2.1...v2.3.0)
**API Changes**
- New `Response` property `is_redirect`, which is true when the
library could have processed this response as a redirection (whether
or not it actually did).
- The `timeout` parameter now affects requests with both `stream=True`
and `stream=False` equally.
- The change in v2.0.0 to mandate explicit proxy schemes has been
reverted. Proxy schemes now default to `http://`.
- The `CaseInsensitiveDict` used for HTTP headers now behaves like a
normal dictionary when references as string or viewed in the
interpreter.
**Bugfixes**
- No longer expose Authorization or Proxy-Authorization headers on
redirect. Fix CVE-2014-1829 and CVE-2014-1830 respectively.
- Authorization is re-evaluated each redirect.
- On redirect, pass url as native strings.
- Fall-back to autodetected encoding for JSON when Unicode detection
fails.
- Headers set to `None` on the `Session` are now correctly not sent.
- Correctly honor `decode_unicode` even if it wasn't used earlier in
the same response.
- Stop advertising `compress` as a supported Content-Encoding.
- The `Response.history` parameter is now always a list.
- Many, many `urllib3` bugfixes.
### [`v2.2.1`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#221-2014-01-23)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.2.0...v2.2.1)
**Bugfixes**
- Fixes incorrect parsing of proxy credentials that contain a literal
or encoded '#' character.
- Assorted urllib3 fixes.
### [`v2.2.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#220-2014-01-09)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.1.0...v2.2.0)
**API Changes**
- New exception: `ContentDecodingError`. Raised instead of `urllib3`
`DecodeError` exceptions.
**Bugfixes**
- Avoid many many exceptions from the buggy implementation of
`proxy_bypass` on OS X in Python 2.6.
- Avoid crashing when attempting to get authentication credentials
from ~/.netrc when running as a user without a home directory.
- Use the correct pool size for pools of connections to proxies.
- Fix iteration of `CookieJar` objects.
- Ensure that cookies are persisted over redirect.
- Switch back to using chardet, since it has merged with charade.
### [`v2.1.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#210-2013-12-05)
[Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.0.1...v2.1.0)
- Updated CA Bundle, of course.
- Cookies set on individual Requests through a `Session` (e.g. via
`Session.get()`) are no longer persisted to the `Session`.
- Clean up connections when we hit problems during chunked upload,
rather than leaking them.
- Return connections to the pool when a chunked upload is successful,
rather than leaking it.
- Match the HTTPbis recommendation for HTTP 301 redirects.
- Prevent hanging when using streaming uploads and Digest Auth when a
401 is received.
- Values of headers set by Requests are now always the native string
type.
- Fix previously broken SNI support.
- Fix accessing HTTP proxies using proxy authentication.
- Unencode HTTP Basic usernames and passwords extracted from URLs.
- Support for IP address ranges for no_proxy environment variable
- Parse headers correctly when users override the default `Host:`
header.
- Avoid munging the URL in case of case-sensitive servers.
- Looser URL handling for non-HTTP/HTTPS urls.
- Accept unicode methods in Python 2.6 and 2.7.
- More resilient cookie handling.
- Make `Response` objects pickleable.
- A
Configuration
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[ ] If you want to rebase/retry this PR, check this box
This PR contains the following updates:
<2.29.0
-><2.32.3
GitHub Vulnerability Alerts
CVE-2024-35195
When making requests through a Requests
Session
, if the first request is made withverify=False
to disable cert verification, all subsequent requests to the same origin will continue to ignore cert verification regardless of changes to the value ofverify
. This behavior will continue for the lifecycle of the connection in the connection pool.Remediation
Any of these options can be used to remediate the current issue, we highly recommend upgrading as the preferred mitigation.
requests>=2.32.0
.requests<2.32.0
, avoid settingverify=False
for the first request to a host while using a Requests Session.requests<2.32.0
, callclose()
onSession
objects to clear existing connections ifverify=False
is used.Related Links
Release Notes
psf/requests (requests)
### [`v2.32.2`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2322-2024-05-21) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.32.1...v2.32.2) **Deprecations** - To provide a more stable migration for custom HTTPAdapters impacted by the CVE changes in 2.32.0, we've renamed `_get_connection` to a new public API, `get_connection_with_tls_context`. Existing custom HTTPAdapters will need to migrate their code to use this new API. `get_connection` is considered deprecated in all versions of Requests>=2.32.0. A minimal (2-line) example has been provided in the linked PR to ease migration, but we strongly urge users to evaluate if their custom adapter is subject to the same issue described in CVE-2024-35195. ([#6710](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6710)) ### [`v2.32.1`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2321-2024-05-20) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.32.0...v2.32.1) **Bugfixes** - Add missing test certs to the sdist distributed on PyPI. ### [`v2.32.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2320-2024-05-20) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.31.0...v2.32.0) **Security** - Fixed an issue where setting `verify=False` on the first request from a Session will cause subsequent requests to the *same origin* to also ignore cert verification, regardless of the value of `verify`. (https://github.com/psf/requests/security/advisories/GHSA-9wx4-h78v-vm56) **Improvements** - `verify=True` now reuses a global SSLContext which should improve request time variance between first and subsequent requests. It should also minimize certificate load time on Windows systems when using a Python version built with OpenSSL 3.x. ([#6667](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6667)) - Requests now supports optional use of character detection (`chardet` or `charset_normalizer`) when repackaged or vendored. This enables `pip` and other projects to minimize their vendoring surface area. The `Response.text()` and `apparent_encoding` APIs will default to `utf-8` if neither library is present. ([#6702](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6702)) **Bugfixes** - Fixed bug in length detection where emoji length was incorrectly calculated in the request content-length. ([#6589](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6589)) - Fixed deserialization bug in JSONDecodeError. ([#6629](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6629)) - Fixed bug where an extra leading `/` (path separator) could lead urllib3 to unnecessarily reparse the request URI. ([#6644](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6644)) **Deprecations** - Requests has officially added support for CPython 3.12 ([#6503](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6503)) - Requests has officially added support for PyPy 3.9 and 3.10 ([#6641](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6641)) - Requests has officially dropped support for CPython 3.7 ([#6642](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6642)) - Requests has officially dropped support for PyPy 3.7 and 3.8 ([#6641](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6641)) **Documentation** - Various typo fixes and doc improvements. **Packaging** - Requests has started adopting some modern packaging practices. The source files for the projects (formerly `requests`) is now located in `src/requests` in the Requests sdist. ([#6506](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6506)) - Starting in Requests 2.33.0, Requests will migrate to a PEP 517 build system using `hatchling`. This should not impact the average user, but extremely old versions of packaging utilities may have issues with the new packaging format. ### [`v2.31.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2310-2023-05-22) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.30.0...v2.31.0) **Security** - Versions of Requests between v2.3.0 and v2.30.0 are vulnerable to potential forwarding of `Proxy-Authorization` headers to destination servers when following HTTPS redirects. When proxies are defined with user info (`https://user:pass@proxy:8080`), Requests will construct a `Proxy-Authorization` header that is attached to the request to authenticate with the proxy. In cases where Requests receives a redirect response, it previously reattached the `Proxy-Authorization` header incorrectly, resulting in the value being sent through the tunneled connection to the destination server. Users who rely on defining their proxy credentials in the URL are *strongly* encouraged to upgrade to Requests 2.31.0+ to prevent unintentional leakage and rotate their proxy credentials once the change has been fully deployed. Users who do not use a proxy or do not supply their proxy credentials through the user information portion of their proxy URL are not subject to this vulnerability. Full details can be read in our [Github Security Advisory](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/security/advisories/GHSA-j8r2-6x86-q33q) and [CVE-2023-32681](https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-32681). ### [`v2.30.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2300-2023-05-03) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.29.0...v2.30.0) **Dependencies** - ⚠️ Added support for urllib3 2.0. ⚠️ This may contain minor breaking changes so we advise careful testing and reviewing https://urllib3.readthedocs.io/en/latest/v2-migration-guide.html prior to upgrading. Users who wish to stay on urllib3 1.x can pin to `urllib3<2`. ### [`v2.29.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2290-2023-04-26) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.28.2...v2.29.0) **Improvements** - Requests now defers chunked requests to the urllib3 implementation to improve standardization. ([#6226](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6226)) - Requests relaxes header component requirements to support bytes/str subclasses. ([#6356](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6356)) ### [`v2.28.2`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2282-2023-01-12) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.28.1...v2.28.2) **Dependencies** - Requests now supports charset_normalizer 3.x. ([#6261](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6261)) **Bugfixes** - Updated MissingSchema exception to suggest https scheme rather than http. ([#6188](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6188)) ### [`v2.28.1`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2281-2022-06-29) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.28.0...v2.28.1) **Improvements** - Speed optimization in `iter_content` with transition to `yield from`. ([#6170](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6170)) **Dependencies** - Added support for chardet 5.0.0 ([#6179](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6179)) - Added support for charset-normalizer 2.1.0 ([#6169](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6169)) ### [`v2.28.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2280-2022-06-09) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.27.1...v2.28.0) **Deprecations** - ⚠️ Requests has officially dropped support for Python 2.7. ⚠️ ([#6091](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6091)) - Requests has officially dropped support for Python 3.6 (including pypy3.6). ([#6091](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6091)) **Improvements** - Wrap JSON parsing issues in Request's JSONDecodeError for payloads without an encoding to make `json()` API consistent. ([#6097](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6097)) - Parse header components consistently, raising an InvalidHeader error in all invalid cases. ([#6154](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6154)) - Added provisional 3.11 support with current beta build. ([#6155](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6155)) - Requests got a makeover and we decided to paint it black. ([#6095](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6095)) **Bugfixes** - Fixed bug where setting `CURL_CA_BUNDLE` to an empty string would disable cert verification. All Requests 2.x versions before 2.28.0 are affected. ([#6074](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6074)) - Fixed urllib3 exception leak, wrapping `urllib3.exceptions.SSLError` with `requests.exceptions.SSLError` for `content` and `iter_content`. ([#6057](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6057)) - Fixed issue where invalid Windows registry entries caused proxy resolution to raise an exception rather than ignoring the entry. ([#6149](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6149)) - Fixed issue where entire payload could be included in the error message for JSONDecodeError. ([#6036](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6036)) ### [`v2.27.1`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2271-2022-01-05) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.27.0...v2.27.1) **Bugfixes** - Fixed parsing issue that resulted in the `auth` component being dropped from proxy URLs. ([#6028](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6028)) ### [`v2.27.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2270-2022-01-03) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.26.0...v2.27.0) **Improvements** - Officially added support for Python 3.10. ([#5928](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/5928)) - Added a `requests.exceptions.JSONDecodeError` to unify JSON exceptions between Python 2 and 3. This gets raised in the `response.json()` method, and is backwards compatible as it inherits from previously thrown exceptions. Can be caught from `requests.exceptions.RequestException` as well. ([#5856](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/5856)) - Improved error text for misnamed `InvalidSchema` and `MissingSchema` exceptions. This is a temporary fix until exceptions can be renamed (Schema->Scheme). ([#6017](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/6017)) - Improved proxy parsing for proxy URLs missing a scheme. This will address recent changes to `urlparse` in Python 3.9+. ([#5917](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/5917)) **Bugfixes** - Fixed defect in `extract_zipped_paths` which could result in an infinite loop for some paths. ([#5851](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/5851)) - Fixed handling for `AttributeError` when calculating length of files obtained by `Tarfile.extractfile()`. ([#5239](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/5239)) - Fixed urllib3 exception leak, wrapping `urllib3.exceptions.InvalidHeader` with `requests.exceptions.InvalidHeader`. ([#5914](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/5914)) - Fixed bug where two Host headers were sent for chunked requests. ([#5391](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/5391)) - Fixed regression in Requests 2.26.0 where `Proxy-Authorization` was incorrectly stripped from all requests sent with `Session.send`. ([#5924](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/5924)) - Fixed performance regression in 2.26.0 for hosts with a large number of proxies available in the environment. ([#5924](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/5924)) - Fixed idna exception leak, wrapping `UnicodeError` with `requests.exceptions.InvalidURL` for URLs with a leading dot (.) in the domain. ([#5414](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/5414)) **Deprecations** - Requests support for Python 2.7 and 3.6 will be ending in 2022. While we don't have exact dates, Requests 2.27.x is likely to be the last release series providing support. ### [`v2.26.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2260-2021-07-13) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.25.1...v2.26.0) **Improvements** - Requests now supports Brotli compression, if either the `brotli` or `brotlicffi` package is installed. ([#5783](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/5783)) - `Session.send` now correctly resolves proxy configurations from both the Session and Request. Behavior now matches `Session.request`. ([#5681](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/5681)) **Bugfixes** - Fixed a race condition in zip extraction when using Requests in parallel from zip archive. ([#5707](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/5707)) **Dependencies** - Instead of `chardet`, use the MIT-licensed `charset_normalizer` for Python3 to remove license ambiguity for projects bundling requests. If `chardet` is already installed on your machine it will be used instead of `charset_normalizer` to keep backwards compatibility. ([#5797](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/5797)) You can also install `chardet` while installing requests by specifying `[use_chardet_on_py3]` extra as follows: ```shell pip install "requests[use_chardet_on_py3]" ``` Python2 still depends upon the `chardet` module. - Requests now supports `idna` 3.x on Python 3. `idna` 2.x will continue to be used on Python 2 installations. ([#5711](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/5711)) **Deprecations** - The `requests[security]` extra has been converted to a no-op install. PyOpenSSL is no longer the recommended secure option for Requests. ([#5867](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/5867)) - Requests has officially dropped support for Python 3.5. ([#5867](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/5867)) ### [`v2.25.1`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2251-2020-12-16) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.25.0...v2.25.1) **Bugfixes** - Requests now treats `application/json` as `utf8` by default. Resolving inconsistencies between `r.text` and `r.json` output. ([#5673](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/5673)) **Dependencies** - Requests now supports chardet v4.x. ### [`v2.25.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2250-2020-11-11) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.24.0...v2.25.0) **Improvements** - Added support for NETRC environment variable. ([#5643](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/5643)) **Dependencies** - Requests now supports urllib3 v1.26. **Deprecations** - Requests v2.25.x will be the last release series with support for Python 3.5. - The `requests[security]` extra is officially deprecated and will be removed in Requests v2.26.0. ### [`v2.24.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2240-2020-06-17) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.23.0...v2.24.0) **Improvements** - pyOpenSSL TLS implementation is now only used if Python either doesn't have an `ssl` module or doesn't support SNI. Previously pyOpenSSL was unconditionally used if available. This applies even if pyOpenSSL is installed via the `requests[security]` extra ([#5443](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/5443)) - Redirect resolution should now only occur when `allow_redirects` is True. ([#5492](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/5492)) - No longer perform unnecessary Content-Length calculation for requests that won't use it. ([#5496](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/5496)) ### [`v2.23.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2230-2020-02-19) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.22.0...v2.23.0) **Improvements** - Remove defunct reference to `prefetch` in Session `__attrs__` ([#5110](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/5110)) **Bugfixes** - Requests no longer outputs password in basic auth usage warning. ([#5099](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/issues/5099)) **Dependencies** - Pinning for `chardet` and `idna` now uses major version instead of minor. This hopefully reduces the need for releases every time a dependency is updated. ### [`v2.22.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2220-2019-05-15) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.21.0...v2.22.0) **Dependencies** - Requests now supports urllib3 v1.25.2. (note: 1.25.0 and 1.25.1 are incompatible) **Deprecations** - Requests has officially stopped support for Python 3.4. ### [`v2.21.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2210-2018-12-10) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.20.1...v2.21.0) **Dependencies** - Requests now supports idna v2.8. ### [`v2.20.1`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2201-2018-11-08) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.20.0...v2.20.1) **Bugfixes** - Fixed bug with unintended Authorization header stripping for redirects using default ports (http/80, https/443). ### [`v2.20.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2200-2018-10-18) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.19.1...v2.20.0) **Bugfixes** - Content-Type header parsing is now case-insensitive (e.g. charset=utf8 v Charset=utf8). - Fixed exception leak where certain redirect urls would raise uncaught urllib3 exceptions. - Requests removes Authorization header from requests redirected from https to http on the same hostname. (CVE-2018-18074) - `should_bypass_proxies` now handles URIs without hostnames (e.g. files). **Dependencies** - Requests now supports urllib3 v1.24. **Deprecations** - Requests has officially stopped support for Python 2.6. ### [`v2.19.1`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2191-2018-06-14) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.19.0...v2.19.1) **Bugfixes** - Fixed issue where status_codes.py's `init` function failed trying to append to a `__doc__` value of `None`. ### [`v2.19.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2190-2018-06-12) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.18.4...v2.19.0) **Improvements** - Warn user about possible slowdown when using cryptography version < 1.3.4 - Check for invalid host in proxy URL, before forwarding request to adapter. - Fragments are now properly maintained across redirects. (RFC7231 7.1.2) - Removed use of cgi module to expedite library load time. - Added support for SHA-256 and SHA-512 digest auth algorithms. - Minor performance improvement to `Request.content`. - Migrate to using collections.abc for 3.7 compatibility. **Bugfixes** - Parsing empty `Link` headers with `parse_header_links()` no longer return one bogus entry. - Fixed issue where loading the default certificate bundle from a zip archive would raise an `IOError`. - Fixed issue with unexpected `ImportError` on windows system which do not support `winreg` module. - DNS resolution in proxy bypass no longer includes the username and password in the request. This also fixes the issue of DNS queries failing on macOS. - Properly normalize adapter prefixes for url comparison. - Passing `None` as a file pointer to the `files` param no longer raises an exception. - Calling `copy` on a `RequestsCookieJar` will now preserve the cookie policy correctly. **Dependencies** - We now support idna v2.7. - We now support urllib3 v1.23. ### [`v2.18.4`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2184-2017-08-15) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.18.3...v2.18.4) **Improvements** - Error messages for invalid headers now include the header name for easier debugging **Dependencies** - We now support idna v2.6. ### [`v2.18.3`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2183-2017-08-02) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.18.2...v2.18.3) **Improvements** - Running `$ python -m requests.help` now includes the installed version of idna. **Bugfixes** - Fixed issue where Requests would raise `ConnectionError` instead of `SSLError` when encountering SSL problems when using urllib3 v1.22. ### [`v2.18.2`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2182-2017-07-25) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.18.1...v2.18.2) **Bugfixes** - `requests.help` no longer fails on Python 2.6 due to the absence of `ssl.OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER`. **Dependencies** - We now support urllib3 v1.22. ### [`v2.18.1`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2181-2017-06-14) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.18.0...v2.18.1) **Bugfixes** - Fix an error in the packaging whereby the `*.whl` contained incorrect data that regressed the fix in v2.17.3. ### [`v2.18.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2180-2017-06-14) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.17.3...v2.18.0) **Improvements** - `Response` is now a context manager, so can be used directly in a `with` statement without first having to be wrapped by `contextlib.closing()`. **Bugfixes** - Resolve installation failure if multiprocessing is not available - Resolve tests crash if multiprocessing is not able to determine the number of CPU cores - Resolve error swallowing in utils set_environ generator ### [`v2.17.3`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2173-2017-05-29) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.17.2...v2.17.3) **Improvements** - Improved `packages` namespace identity support, for monkeypatching libraries. ### [`v2.17.2`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2172-2017-05-29) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.17.1...v2.17.2) **Improvements** - Improved `packages` namespace identity support, for monkeypatching libraries. ### [`v2.17.1`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2171-2017-05-29) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.17.0...v2.17.1) **Improvements** - Improved `packages` namespace identity support, for monkeypatching libraries. ### [`v2.17.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2170-2017-05-29) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.16.5...v2.17.0) **Improvements** - Removal of the 301 redirect cache. This improves thread-safety. ### [`v2.16.5`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2165-2017-05-28) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.16.4...v2.16.5) - Improvements to `$ python -m requests.help`. ### [`v2.16.4`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2164-2017-05-27) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.16.3...v2.16.4) - Introduction of the `$ python -m requests.help` command, for debugging with maintainers! ### [`v2.16.3`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2163-2017-05-27) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.16.2...v2.16.3) - Further restored the `requests.packages` namespace for compatibility reasons. ### [`v2.16.2`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2162-2017-05-27) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.16.1...v2.16.2) - Further restored the `requests.packages` namespace for compatibility reasons. No code modification (noted below) should be necessary any longer. ### [`v2.16.1`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2161-2017-05-27) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.16.0...v2.16.1) - Restored the `requests.packages` namespace for compatibility reasons. - Bugfix for `urllib3` version parsing. **Note**: code that was written to import against the `requests.packages` namespace previously will have to import code that rests at this module-level now. For example: from requests.packages.urllib3.poolmanager import PoolManager Will need to be re-written to be: from requests.packages import urllib3 urllib3.poolmanager.PoolManager Or, even better: from urllib3.poolmanager import PoolManager ### [`v2.16.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2160-2017-05-26) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.15.1...v2.16.0) - Unvendor ALL the things! ### [`v2.15.1`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2151-2017-05-26) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.15.0...v2.15.1) - Everyone makes mistakes. ### [`v2.15.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2150-2017-05-26) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.14.2...v2.15.0) **Improvements** - Introduction of the `Response.next` property, for getting the next `PreparedResponse` from a redirect chain (when `allow_redirects=False`). - Internal refactoring of `__version__` module. **Bugfixes** - Restored once-optional parameter for `requests.utils.get_environ_proxies()`. ### [`v2.14.2`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2142-2017-05-10) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.14.1...v2.14.2) **Bugfixes** - Changed a less-than to an equal-to and an or in the dependency markers to widen compatibility with older setuptools releases. ### [`v2.14.1`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2141-2017-05-09) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.14.0...v2.14.1) **Bugfixes** - Changed the dependency markers to widen compatibility with older pip releases. ### [`v2.14.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2140-2017-05-09) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.13.0...v2.14.0) **Improvements** - It is now possible to pass `no_proxy` as a key to the `proxies` dictionary to provide handling similar to the `NO_PROXY` environment variable. - When users provide invalid paths to certificate bundle files or directories Requests now raises `IOError`, rather than failing at the time of the HTTPS request with a fairly inscrutable certificate validation error. - The behavior of `SessionRedirectMixin` was slightly altered. `resolve_redirects` will now detect a redirect by calling `get_redirect_target(response)` instead of directly querying `Response.is_redirect` and `Response.headers['location']`. Advanced users will be able to process malformed redirects more easily. - Changed the internal calculation of elapsed request time to have higher resolution on Windows. - Added `win_inet_pton` as conditional dependency for the `[socks]` extra on Windows with Python 2.7. - Changed the proxy bypass implementation on Windows: the proxy bypass check doesn't use forward and reverse DNS requests anymore - URLs with schemes that begin with `http` but are not `http` or `https` no longer have their host parts forced to lowercase. **Bugfixes** - Much improved handling of non-ASCII `Location` header values in redirects. Fewer `UnicodeDecodeErrors` are encountered on Python 2, and Python 3 now correctly understands that Latin-1 is unlikely to be the correct encoding. - If an attempt to `seek` file to find out its length fails, we now appropriately handle that by aborting our content-length calculations. - Restricted `HTTPDigestAuth` to only respond to auth challenges made on 4XX responses, rather than to all auth challenges. - Fixed some code that was firing `DeprecationWarning` on Python 3.6. - The dismayed person emoticon (`/o\\`) no longer has a big head. I'm sure this is what you were all worrying about most. **Miscellaneous** - Updated bundled urllib3 to v1.21.1. - Updated bundled chardet to v3.0.2. - Updated bundled idna to v2.5. - Updated bundled certifi to 2017.4.17. ### [`v2.13.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2130-2017-01-24) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.12.5...v2.13.0) **Features** - Only load the `idna` library when we've determined we need it. This will save some memory for users. **Miscellaneous** - Updated bundled urllib3 to 1.20. - Updated bundled idna to 2.2. ### [`v2.12.5`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2125-2017-01-18) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.12.4...v2.12.5) **Bugfixes** - Fixed an issue with JSON encoding detection, specifically detecting big-endian UTF-32 with BOM. ### [`v2.12.4`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2124-2016-12-14) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.12.3...v2.12.4) **Bugfixes** - Fixed regression from 2.12.2 where non-string types were rejected in the basic auth parameters. While support for this behaviour has been re-added, the behaviour is deprecated and will be removed in the future. ### [`v2.12.3`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2123-2016-12-01) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.12.2...v2.12.3) **Bugfixes** - Fixed regression from v2.12.1 for URLs with schemes that begin with "http". These URLs have historically been processed as though they were HTTP-schemed URLs, and so have had parameters added. This was removed in v2.12.2 in an overzealous attempt to resolve problems with IDNA-encoding those URLs. This change was reverted: the other fixes for IDNA-encoding have been judged to be sufficient to return to the behaviour Requests had before v2.12.0. ### [`v2.12.2`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2122-2016-11-30) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.12.1...v2.12.2) **Bugfixes** - Fixed several issues with IDNA-encoding URLs that are technically invalid but which are widely accepted. Requests will now attempt to IDNA-encode a URL if it can but, if it fails, and the host contains only ASCII characters, it will be passed through optimistically. This will allow users to opt-in to using IDNA2003 themselves if they want to, and will also allow technically invalid but still common hostnames. - Fixed an issue where URLs with leading whitespace would raise `InvalidSchema` errors. - Fixed an issue where some URLs without the HTTP or HTTPS schemes would still have HTTP URL preparation applied to them. - Fixed an issue where Unicode strings could not be used in basic auth. - Fixed an issue encountered by some Requests plugins where constructing a Response object would cause `Response.content` to raise an `AttributeError`. ### [`v2.12.1`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2121-2016-11-16) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.12.0...v2.12.1) **Bugfixes** - Updated setuptools 'security' extra for the new PyOpenSSL backend in urllib3. **Miscellaneous** - Updated bundled urllib3 to 1.19.1. ### [`v2.12.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2120-2016-11-15) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.11.1...v2.12.0) **Improvements** - Updated support for internationalized domain names from IDNA2003 to IDNA2008. This updated support is required for several forms of IDNs and is mandatory for .de domains. - Much improved heuristics for guessing content lengths: Requests will no longer read an entire `StringIO` into memory. - Much improved logic for recalculating `Content-Length` headers for `PreparedRequest` objects. - Improved tolerance for file-like objects that have no `tell` method but do have a `seek` method. - Anything that is a subclass of `Mapping` is now treated like a dictionary by the `data=` keyword argument. - Requests now tolerates empty passwords in proxy credentials, rather than stripping the credentials. - If a request is made with a file-like object as the body and that request is redirected with a 307 or 308 status code, Requests will now attempt to rewind the body object so it can be replayed. **Bugfixes** - When calling `response.close`, the call to `close` will be propagated through to non-urllib3 backends. - Fixed issue where the `ALL_PROXY` environment variable would be preferred over scheme-specific variables like `HTTP_PROXY`. - Fixed issue where non-UTF8 reason phrases got severely mangled by falling back to decoding using ISO 8859-1 instead. - Fixed a bug where Requests would not correctly correlate cookies set when using custom Host headers if those Host headers did not use the native string type for the platform. **Miscellaneous** - Updated bundled urllib3 to 1.19. - Updated bundled certifi certs to 2016.09.26. ### [`v2.11.1`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2111-2016-08-17) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.11.0...v2.11.1) **Bugfixes** - Fixed a bug when using `iter_content` with `decode_unicode=True` for streamed bodies would raise `AttributeError`. This bug was introduced in 2.11. - Strip Content-Type and Transfer-Encoding headers from the header block when following a redirect that transforms the verb from POST/PUT to GET. ### [`v2.11.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2110-2016-08-08) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.10.0...v2.11.0) **Improvements** - Added support for the `ALL_PROXY` environment variable. - Reject header values that contain leading whitespace or newline characters to reduce risk of header smuggling. **Bugfixes** - Fixed occasional `TypeError` when attempting to decode a JSON response that occurred in an error case. Now correctly returns a `ValueError`. - Requests would incorrectly ignore a non-CIDR IP address in the `NO_PROXY` environment variables: Requests now treats it as a specific IP. - Fixed a bug when sending JSON data that could cause us to encounter obscure OpenSSL errors in certain network conditions (yes, really). - Added type checks to ensure that `iter_content` only accepts integers and `None` for chunk sizes. - Fixed issue where responses whose body had not been fully consumed would have the underlying connection closed but not returned to the connection pool, which could cause Requests to hang in situations where the `HTTPAdapter` had been configured to use a blocking connection pool. **Miscellaneous** - Updated bundled urllib3 to 1.16. - Some previous releases accidentally accepted non-strings as acceptable header values. This release does not. ### [`v2.10.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#2100-2016-04-29) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.9.2...v2.10.0) **New Features** - SOCKS Proxy Support! (requires PySocks; `$ pip install requests[socks]`) **Miscellaneous** - Updated bundled urllib3 to 1.15.1. ### [`v2.9.2`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#292-2016-04-29) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.9.1...v2.9.2) **Improvements** - Change built-in CaseInsensitiveDict (used for headers) to use OrderedDict as its underlying datastore. **Bugfixes** - Don't use redirect_cache if allow_redirects=False - When passed objects that throw exceptions from `tell()`, send them via chunked transfer encoding instead of failing. - Raise a ProxyError for proxy related connection issues. ### [`v2.9.1`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#291-2015-12-21) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.9.0...v2.9.1) **Bugfixes** - Resolve regression introduced in 2.9.0 that made it impossible to send binary strings as bodies in Python 3. - Fixed errors when calculating cookie expiration dates in certain locales. **Miscellaneous** - Updated bundled urllib3 to 1.13.1. ### [`v2.9.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#290-2015-12-15) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.8.1...v2.9.0) **Minor Improvements** (Backwards compatible) - The `verify` keyword argument now supports being passed a path to a directory of CA certificates, not just a single-file bundle. - Warnings are now emitted when sending files opened in text mode. - Added the 511 Network Authentication Required status code to the status code registry. **Bugfixes** - For file-like objects that are not sought to the very beginning, we now send the content length for the number of bytes we will actually read, rather than the total size of the file, allowing partial file uploads. - When uploading file-like objects, if they are empty or have no obvious content length we set `Transfer-Encoding: chunked` rather than `Content-Length: 0`. - We correctly receive the response in buffered mode when uploading chunked bodies. - We now handle being passed a query string as a bytestring on Python 3, by decoding it as UTF-8. - Sessions are now closed in all cases (exceptional and not) when using the functional API rather than leaking and waiting for the garbage collector to clean them up. - Correctly handle digest auth headers with a malformed `qop` directive that contains no token, by treating it the same as if no `qop` directive was provided at all. - Minor performance improvements when removing specific cookies by name. **Miscellaneous** - Updated urllib3 to 1.13. ### [`v2.8.1`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#281-2015-10-13) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.8.0...v2.8.1) **Bugfixes** - Update certificate bundle to match `certifi` 2015.9.6.2's weak certificate bundle. - Fix a bug in 2.8.0 where requests would raise `ConnectTimeout` instead of `ConnectionError` - When using the PreparedRequest flow, requests will now correctly respect the `json` parameter. Broken in 2.8.0. - When using the PreparedRequest flow, requests will now correctly handle a Unicode-string method name on Python 2. Broken in 2.8.0. ### [`v2.8.0`](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/blob/HEAD/HISTORY.md#280-2015-10-05) [Compare Source](https://redirect.github.com/psf/requests/compare/v2.7.0...v2.8.0) **Minor Improvements** (Backwards Compatible) - Requests now supports per-host proxies. This allows the `proxies` dictionary to have entries of the form `{'Configuration
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