feat: Upgrade bundled SQLite to 3.44.1

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NEWS entry will be picked up by fledge from the PR title.

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[krlmlr]

/aviator sync

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This pull request is already up to date.

[krlmlr]

/aviator backport main

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Created backport PR #480 for this pull request.

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This pull request failed to merge: some CI status(es) failed. Remove the blocked label to re-queue.

Failed CI(s): ubuntu-22.04 (devel)