feat: add support for "doctrine/dbal" 4, drop support for PHP < 8.1, drop support for dbal < 4

[Chris53897]

Description

I do not have much knowledge in this topic, but i try to add support for dbal 4 as a new major version, because of BC breaks. 8.1 is needed because of enums.

drop support for PHP < 8.1 drop support for dbal < 4

https://github.com/doctrine/dbal/blob/4.0.0/UPGRADE.md#deprecated-typegetname

I did not found a best practice to migrate this function. throw ConversionException::conversionFailedFormat()

Motivation and context

How has this been tested?

Types of changes

• [ ] Bug fix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• [ ] New feature (non-breaking change which adds functionality)
• [x] Breaking change (fix or feature that would cause existing functionality to change)

PR checklist

• [ ] My change requires a change to the documentation.
• [ ] I have updated the documentation accordingly.
• [ ] I have read the CONTRIBUTING.md document.
• [ ] I have added tests to cover my changes.

[Chris53897]

Closed in favor of https://github.com/ramsey/uuid-doctrine/pull/247