`./botan tls_server` is lacking a `--trusted-cas=` argument

[shilohshi]

I'm trying to start a TLS server that requires the client to send certificates. I'm launching it using the following command:

botan tls_server server_cert.pem server_key.pem --port=443 --policy=policy.conf

where the content of policy.conf is:

require_client_certificate_authentication = true

Then I try to use the following command to let the client connect to the server:

botan tls_client 127.0.0.1 --port=443 --client-cert=client_cert.pem --client-cert-key=client_key.pem

At this point, both the client and the server are indicating that the client did not send a certificate:

//client
Certificate validation status: Cannot establish trust
Handshake complete, TLS v1.3 using CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256
Session ID 661E905B7D66DE48A1E04BFABFE9587B8C6D3E86DC1F1E459456733D89933D9C
Handshake complete
Alert: certificate_required

//server
TLS connection failed Policy requires client send a certificate, but it did not

I'd like to inquire whether my usage is not correct or if there's an issue with the corresponding implementation. Many thanks.

[reneme]

You're using it correctly. The problem lies in the botan CLI tool that, unfortunately, does not fully support client certificates at the moment.

You can enable it via the require_client_certificate_authentication = true policy setting, however, there's currently no way to specify one or more "trusted CAs" when starting a ./botan tls_server. A (hypothetical) ./botan tls_server --trusted-cas= argument would be needed here.

As a result, the server will request client-auth during the handshake (because of the policy setting), but won't indicate any acceptable CA. Additionally, the ./botan tls_client currently relies on this server-provided list of acceptable CAs to decide which client certificate to present. For an empty list, it will simply claim that it doesn't have a matching client certificate. The result is the behavior you describe.

Note, however, that the limitation is within Botan's CLI tool. The library does support client authentication even if a server does not indicate their acceptable CAs. Typically, users would override the Credentials_Manager::find_cert_chain() callback (also linked above) and add their client certificate selection logic as they see fit.

[shilohshi]

Many thanks for your explanation, hope this feature can be added in the future.

[shilohshi]

Hi, if I want to build a project that validates client certificates based on this project: https://github.com/reneme/botan-tls-testserver

which part of this project do I need to modify to achieve this? Thanks.

[reneme]

Note to self: we should add an example showcasing a server with client authentication.

Anyway, until then:

1. Extend Basic_Credentials_Manager

Add a member variable Botan::Certificate_Store_In_Memory m_trusted_roots and fill this with the issuer certificate(s) your server is supposed to trust, using .add_certificate(). You can do that in the constructor of Basic_Credentials_Manager, for instance. Right there, you'll also find some code to load certificates from PEM files.

Then, add an override of trusted_certificate_authorities(), roughly like that:

std::vector<Botan::Certificate_Store*> trusted_certificate_authorities(const std::string& type,
                                                                       const std::string& hostname) override {
   if(type == "tls-server") {
      return {&m_trusted_roots};
   } else {
      return {};
   }
}

2. Enable require_client_certificate_authentication in the Policy

In the relevant policy file (passed via ./testserver --policy), enable client authentication. Like you did before for the CLI tool:

require_client_certificate_authentication = true

3. Connect

Your server should now mandate client authentication.

4. (Bonus) Certificate Validation

In case you need fine-grained access to the client certificate validation your server is performing, call tls_ctx->set_verify_callback() in the do_listen() co-routine. Note, though, that no automatic certificate path validation will be done by the library in this case.

tls_ctx->set_verify_callback([](const std::vector<Botan::X509_Certificate>& cert_chain,
                                const std::vector<std::optional<Botan::OCSP::Response>>& ocsp_responses,
                                const std::vector<Botan::Certificate_Store*>& trusted_roots,
                                Botan::Usage_Type usage,
                                std::string_view hostname,
                                const Botan::TLS::Policy& policy) {
   // Check whatever you need here, and throw an exception if you're not
   // happy with the certificate chain presented by the client.
});

[shilohshi]

Hi, I followed the steps above to operate and recompile, but during testing, it still prompts Alert: certificate_required as usual. Would you mind upload a complete modified version or a website like https://pq.botan-crypto.org/ but built using this method to enable client cert authentication? Thank you very much.

[reneme]

Here's a complete example that worked for me.

1. Create Test Certificates

Here's a script that generates a some test certificates (using Botan's CLI tool):

./botan keygen --algo=ECDSA --params=secp256r1 --output=ca_priv.pem
./botan keygen --algo=ECDSA --params=secp256r1 --output=server_priv.pem
./botan keygen --algo=ECDSA --params=secp256r1 --output=client_priv.pem

./botan gen_self_signed ca_priv.pem "CA" --ca --country=DE --dns=ca.example --hash=SHA-384 --output=ca_cert.pem

./botan gen_pkcs10 server_priv.pem localhost --output=server_csr.pem
./botan gen_pkcs10 client_priv.pem client --output=client_csr.pem
./botan sign_cert ca_cert.pem ca_priv.pem server_csr.pem --output=server_cert.pem
./botan sign_cert ca_cert.pem ca_priv.pem client_csr.pem --output=client_cert.pem

2. Compile the Adapted Test Server

Here's a branch that allows for client authentication: https://github.com/reneme/botan-tls-testserver/tree/spike/client_auth

Compile it.

3. Run the Test Server

I'm assuming that the server is run from the repository's root directory and that the test certificates generated in step 1 are located in this folder as well. Please adapt the file paths as needed:

./testserver --cert server_cert.pem --key server_priv.pem --port 50443 --policy policies/clientauth.txt --client-auth-ca ca_cert.pem

4. Connect a Client

This uses Botan's CLI-tool to connect to the test server. In its outputs it should mention "Performing client authentication" before "Handshake complete". Again, I'm assuming that the test certificates of step 1 are available in the same directory.

./botan tls_client --port=50443 localhost --client-cert=client_cert.pem --client-cert-key=client_priv.pem --trusted-cas=ca_cert.pem

[shilohshi]

Yeah it works now, thanks for your help!