CORE-2443 FIPS metrics

[michael-redpanda]

Adds two metrics:

• fips_mode
• non_homogenous_fips_mode

Backports Required

• [X] none - not a bug fix
• [ ] none - this is a backport
• [ ] none - issue does not exist in previous branches
• [ ] none - papercut/not impactful enough to backport
• [ ] v24.1.x
• [ ] v23.3.x
• [ ] v23.2.x

Release Notes

• None

[michael-redpanda]

/cdt fips tests/rptest/tests/redpanda_startup_test.py

[michael-redpanda]

/cdt rp_version=build fips tests/rptest/tests/redpanda_startup_test.py

[michael-redpanda]

Force push ddaab7d:

• Rebased off of dev for necessary updates

[michael-redpanda]

Force push c836d53:

• Updates from PR comments

[michael-redpanda]

/dt

[michael-redpanda]

Force push ab0f750:

• Updates from PR comments
• Fix for non-homogenous node test

[michael-redpanda]

Force push 1e26b58:

• Removed unused namespace

[michael-redpanda]

Force push 8c0d204:

• Added a model specific fips_mode_flag to differentiate between the config one

[michael-redpanda]

Force push 836603e:

• Fixed test to remove sleep

[michael-redpanda]

CI Failures:

• https://github.com/redpanda-data/redpanda/issues/18563