raft: add bazel tests

[dotnwat]

Fixes: CORE-7567 Fixes: CORE-7565 Fixes: CORE-7581 Fixes: CORE-7580 Fixes: CORE-7570 Fixes: CORE-7569 Fixes: CORE-7562 Fixes: CORE-7573 Fixes: CORE-7571 Fixes: CORE-7578 Fixes: CORE-7564 Fixes: CORE-7566 Fixes: CORE-7563 Fixes: CORE-7579 Fixes: CORE-7576 Fixes: CORE-7574 Fixes: CORE-7577 Fixes: CORE-7572

Backports Required

• [x] none - not a bug fix
• [ ] none - this is a backport
• [ ] none - issue does not exist in previous branches
• [ ] none - papercut/not impactful enough to backport
• [ ] v24.3.x
• [ ] v24.2.x
• [ ] v24.1.x

Release Notes

• none

[vbotbuildovich]

ducktape was retried in https://buildkite.com/redpanda/redpanda/builds/58534#019352bf-6e56-41f2-8d72-bb086d01ce9e ducktape was retried in https://buildkite.com/redpanda/redpanda/builds/58534#019352bf-6e58-4840-a720-fdec4e73980c ducktape was retried in https://buildkite.com/redpanda/redpanda/builds/58651#01935acd-f08e-42ff-93c1-56bf6dbe0b92

[vbotbuildovich]

the below tests from https://buildkite.com/redpanda/redpanda/builds/58661#01935f45-2fd6-4453-b98d-cb9dbb4eb777 have failed and will be retried

partition_balancer_planner_test_rpunit