Expand python APIs to support new data API concepts

[jleibs]

Updated Proposal:

Improved concept definitions

• Recording -- The logical representation of Rerun-sourced data. Physically backed by a chunk store.
• View -- A subset of a Recording, restricted to a specific timeline, set of entities, and/or archetypes/components.
  • Mentally aligned with Views as depicted in the viewer. The idea of "creating a table view from a space view" should not be a stretch.
  • The definition of a view fully defines the schema and columns contained in the dataset.
  • Prior to filtering, a View contains 1 row for every log call that produced data that is included in the view. (or multiple rows for send_columns calls).
• Filter -- A mechanism of restricting the rows that are contained in a view.
  • Filters never do data transformation. The schema is unchanged. Each individual row is included or excluded in its entirety.
  • .filter(TimeRange(start=..., end=...)) or maybe .filter_range(start=..., end=...))
• Re-indexing -- A mechanism of defining the index values for an alternative set of rows
  • view.using_index_values(self, values: ArrayLike)
• LatestAt -- A mechanism of populating missing data from a given row
• Select -- A mechanism of choosing a specific subset of columns from the query result
  • Does not change how many rows are returned, but lets the user specify the exact subset (and order) of the columns they are interested in retrieving.
  • .select(Timeline(), "Translation3D")

Python APIs

# Raises if number of recordings != 1
recording : Recording  = rr.data.load_recording("foo.rrd")

archive = rr.data.load_archive("foo.rrd")
recording = archive.recordings[0]

contents = {
  "world/points/**": [rr.Image],
  "metrics/**": [rr.Scalar]
}

contents = "world/**"

class Recording:
    def view(self, index: str, contents: ContentLike) -> RecordingView: ...

class RecordingView:
    def filter_range(self, min: float, max: float) -> RecordingView: ...
    def filter_times(self, times: ArrayLike) -> RecordingView: ...
    def filter_events_for(self, AnyColumn(...)) -> RecordingView: ...

    def using_index_values(self, times: ArrayLike) -> RecordingView: ...

    def latest_at(self) -> RecordingView: ...

    def select(self, *columns: AnyColumn) -> Iterator[pa.RecordBatch]: ...

    # Do we need this?
    def select_all(): ... 

# Alternative
expr = QueryExpression(...)

recording = load_recording(...)

recording.query(expr).select(...)

Original Proposal (archive):

## Notes from exploration: - EntityPathFilter expression is redundant with column-selection - Different types of column filtering is very useful for exploration - Select operators feel natural for incrementally filtering a dataset independently of the latest-at / range queries - Would be nice to just chain these in, or re-use a selection for multiple queries. - Implicit empty columns can be surprising. Some filter operations should probably return errors if the columns are not present. - Ultimately need a way to access deterministic/named columns in the context of the resulting Table - Allowing a user-set name in the `ComponentSelector` - Would be nice to group together timeline + range like we do some other places in rust - POV component is confusing - Really need a sampled multi-latest-at - Could be more clearly expressed as something like: ``` let samples = dataset.logged_at(timeline, columns) dataframe = dataset.latest_at(samples, columns) ``` This has the dual benefit that it allows users to provide their own samples, or to choose sample-times for multiple columns. ## Proposals Start with python refinement, and then back-propagate into rust if we like it. ### Selections The python `Dataset` object will internally track a set of columns that will be used for all queries along with an `Arc`. Introduce new `select_` variant APIs on the `Dataset`: - `dataset.select_entities(expr: str) -> Dataset` - NOTE: only mutates component-columns; no-op on control/time columns - `dataset.select_components(components: Sequence[ComponentLike]) -> Dataset` - NOTE: only mutates component-columns; no-op on control/time columns - `dataset.select_columns(column_selectors: : Sequence[ColumnSelector]) -> Dataset` Each of these has the potential to strictly filter/mutate the active set of descriptors relative to the previous step. I.e. first selection is from the complete set, each incremental selection only selects from the remaining set. ### LatestAtQuery and RangeQuery Our TimeType ambiguity continues to torment us. The most ergonomic is clearly an API that looks like: - `LatestAtQuery(timeline: str, at: int | float)` - `RangeQuery(timeline: str, min: int | float, max: int | float)` The big challenge here is that sane-looking APIs are ambiguous without knowledge of the timeline. Concretely: - `LatestAtQuery(timeline, 2.0)` needs to map to the TimeInt 2 if timeline is a Sequence, 2000000000 if timeline is Temporal and the user is thinking in seconds, and 2 if the timeline is temporal and the user is thinking in nanos. TODO: Still not sure what the right answer is here. If we follow precedent from `TimeRangeBoundary` this ends up looking something: **Choice A** ```python latest_at = rr.LatestAt("frame", rr.TimeValue(seq=42)) latest_at = rr.LatestAt("time", rr.TimeValue(seconds=42.5)) range = rr.Range("frame, min=rr.TimeValue(seq=10), max=rr.TimeValue(seq=17)) ``` **Choice B**, with some parameter-exploding could be simplified down to: ```python latest_at = rr.LatestAt("frame", seq=42) latest_at = rr.LatestAt("time", seconds=42.5) range = rr.Range("frame", min_seq=10, max_seq=17) # Not sure if we let the users do stupid things range = rr.Range("time", min_seconds=10.0, max_nanos=17000000000) ``` **Choice C**, diverging from what we do in TimeRangeBoundary: ```python latest_at = rr.dataframe.LatestAt.sequence("frame", 42) latest_at = rr.dataframe.LatestAt.sequence("time", 42.5) range = rr.dataframe.Range.sequence("frame", min=10, max=17) range = rr.dataframe.Range.seconds("time", min=10.0, max=17) ``` ### Queries Since the selection is now carried with the `Dataset`, you can now execute a query directly without providing columns. - `dataset.latest_at_query(latest_at: LatestAt)` - `dataset.range_query(range: Range, pov: ComponentSelector)` This means you can write a query like: ```python opf = rr.dataframe.load_recording("datasets/open_photogrammetry_format.rrd") range = rr.dataframe.Range.sequence("image", min=10, max=17) # This part is still annoying pov = rr.dataframe.ColumnSelector("world/cameras/rgb", rr.components.Blob) df = opf.select_entities("world/cameras/**").range_query(range, pov) ``` ### Column Naming Selectors/Descriptors will be given a name. This name will default to one of: - Control:RowId - Timeline: - : When specifying a component selector, users have the option to call `.rename_as()` to change the name of the component. These names are also valid INPUT to a ColumnSelector. For example: ```python image = rr.dataframe.ColumnSelector("/world/camera/rgb:Blob").rename_as("image") df = opf.select_columns(image).latest_at_query(query) df = opf.select_columns(image).range_query(query, pov=image) ```

[nikolausWest]

Awesome writeup!

The big challenge here is that sane-looking APIs are ambiguous without knowledge of the timeline.

One other possible direction to go here: What if you actually express the range or latest at query as an operation on the TimeColumnDescriptor? At that point you know what type it has in the store and can make it ergonomic. It's also symmetric in some way with how we handle other columns. It also avoids mistakes like doing rr.dataframe.Range.seconds("time", min=10.0, max=17) when "time" was in fact a poorly named sequence timeline.

(this is kind of a half baked idea so likely mega annoying in some obvious way)

[jleibs]

At that point you know what type it has in the store and can make it ergonomic.

I think it half-solves the problem, but it still doesn't actually handle seconds vs nanoseconds on a time-typed column, which is still its own problem. I think to do that we would need to introduce some kind of "natural units" metadata on the column, but that's also awkward and error prone.

I'm hesitant to pull in something like https://pypi.org/project/custom-literals/, but that's of course the kind of behavior that would really be nice.

[nikolausWest]

Something I'm wondering about is how we handle multiple recording id's here.

Multiple rrds could all have the same recording is, so something like this makes sense:

recording = rr.data.load_recording("first.rrd", "second.rrd")

However, we can't know up front if those files contain one or two recording ids. How do we handle that?

• rr.data.load_recording returns a list
• rr.data.load_recording raises if there are multiple recordings
• rr.data.load_recording only takes a single file and you can merge them in the sdk instead.
• rr.data.laod_recording adds a dictionary encoded column with recording id

The same goes for application id and any future user defined ids

[jleibs]

Reminder: we still need an API for filtering all-empty columns. Examples: unused transform components, indicator components, etc. from the select_all() context.