Update CI configuration and verify changelog entries

[MichaelEischer]

What is the purpose of this change? What does it change?

Sync github CI changes from restic and add the changelog verification step.

Was the change discussed in an issue or in the forum before?

No.

Checklist

• [x] I have enabled maintainer edits for this PR
• [ ] I have added tests for all changes in this PR
• [ ] I have added documentation for the changes (in the manual)
• [ ] There's a new file in changelog/unreleased/ that describes the changes for our users (template here)
• [x] I have run gofmt on the code in all commits
• [x] All commit messages are formatted in the same style as the other commits in the repo
• [x] I'm done, this Pull Request is ready for review