Add ubuntu 24.04 to CI

[gavv]

This needs two pull request:

1. Add env-ubuntu:24.04 to dockerfiles repo; we need to add Dockerfile and images.csv entry here similar to how it's done for other ubuntu versions

2. Add ubuntu 24.04 step to build.yml, again, similar to how it's done for other ubuntu versions

Basically, that's it, but if there will be CI failures on new version, we'll need to fix them.

Related docs:

• https://github.com/roc-streaming/roc-toolkit/blob/develop/docs/sphinx/development/continuous_integration.rst

[nolan-veed]

I'll do this.

[gavv]

Landed.