Prefer system packages over pip packages for Jammy

[christophebedard]

Closes #67

Follow-up to #73 for Jammy (22.04). The list of apt packages is basically just the same.

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See PR description of #73 for commands and steps to build images locally and test with action-ros-ci.

Testing these images over at https://github.com/ros-tooling/action-ros-ci/pull/871:

• The Test rosdep check/skip install options job that has been failing for a long time now works:
  • Before: https://github.com/ros-tooling/action-ros-ci/actions/runs/9130274663/job/25108392542?pr=871#step:4:6547
    • Error: E TypeError: import_path() missing 1 required keyword-only argument: 'consider_namespace_packages'
  • After: https://github.com/ros-tooling/action-ros-ci/actions/runs/9133039538/job/25115696734#step:4:6328
• The ROS 2 Docker jobs pass and use versions of dependencies from apt instead of the latest ones from pip
  • ROS 2 Docker (humble): https://github.com/ros-tooling/action-ros-ci/actions/runs/9133039538/job/25115689883
  • ROS 2 Docker (iron): https://github.com/ros-tooling/action-ros-ci/actions/runs/9133039538/job/25115690442

[christophebedard]

@MichaelOrlov this should fix the TypeError: import_path() missing 1 required keyword-only argument: 'consider_namespace_packages' issue you were seeing on Iron. I tested it with rosbag2 https://github.com/christophebedard/rosbag2/pull/1, see https://github.com/christophebedard/rosbag2/actions/runs/9132963380/job/25115432004