Fixed handling of infinite or >int64 doubles in Time and Duration constructors

[peci1]

Fixed handling of infinite or >int64 doubles in Time and Duration constructors.

Also added tests for Rate(double) constructor, verified Rate(inf) works and Rate(0) does not.

Fixes #105.

[peci1]

@dirk-thomas friendly ping

[dirk-thomas]

@peci1 Sorry, I am not involved in the project anymore for more than 2.5 years.

[peci1]

@ros-pull-request-builder retest this please

[peci1]

Merging without other approvals since I'm the only maintainer.

[peci1]

@Mergifyio backport melodic-devel

[mergify[bot]]

backport melodic-devel

✅ Backports have been created

* [#140 Fixed handling of infinite or >int64 doubles in Time and Duration constructors (backport #132)](https://github.com/ros/roscpp_core/pull/140) has been created for branch `melodic-devel`