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rust-embedded / discovery

Discover the world of microcontrollers through Rust!
https://docs.rust-embedded.org/discovery/
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linking with `rust-lld` failed: exit code: 1 #246

Open imran82ali opened 4 years ago

imran82ali commented 4 years ago

Dear Experts, I am working on Discovery repository, I am building this for STM32F3 Discovery. I am facing following error linking with rust-lld failed: exit code: 1 When I am building by cargo build --target thumbv7em-none-eabihf

It was working fine a couple of weeks ago, I am using Linux 18.04 LTS, I have updated rust my current version is

imran82ali@gmail:~$ rustup --version --verbose rustup 1.21.1 (7832b2ebe 2019-12-20)

imran82ali@gmail:~$ rustc --version --verbose rustc 1.44.0 (49cae5576 2020-06-01) binary: rustc commit-hash: 49cae55760da0a43428eba73abcb659bb70cf2e4 commit-date: 2020-06-01 host: x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu release: 1.44.0 LLVM version: 9.0

Looking forward for your response. Thanks, IMRAN ALI

sirhcel commented 4 years ago

What's the the reason rust-lldbails out in your case?

When comming back to 05-led-roulette today (which was laying around for several months), I also experienced an issue with rust-lld:

$ cargo build --target thumbv7em-none-eabihf
   Compiling led-roulette v0.1.0 ([...]/discovery/src/05-led-roulette)
error: linking with `rust-lld` failed: exit code: 1
[...]
  = note: rust-lld: error: no memory region specified for section '.ARM.exidx'

I upated to Rust 1.44 beforehand.

In my case the troublemaker was an outdated cortex-m-rt. Updating this crate with cargo update to 0.6.12 resolved my issue. The curren version of the linker fragment link.x.in discards the memory section .ARM.exidx causing the trouble in my case.

TehseenHasan commented 3 years ago

I also have the same issue. When I build the src/05-led-roulette/src/main.rs code file. It builds fine with no errors. But when I try to build another code in The Led and Delay abstractions section of the Discovery book. (Code Link) that code gives this error: linking with rust-lld failed: exit code: 1

I am using Windows 10

The rustup Version is: rustup 1.23.1 (3df2264a9 2020-11-30)

The rustc Version is: rustc 1.48.0 (7eac88abb 2020-11-16)

TehseenHasan commented 3 years ago

Thanks, Sir @imran82ali Your solution worked for me. 👇👇👇 Download repo from here: https://github.com/rust-embedded/discovery then make these changes open code in VS Code in Auxillary folder there is cargo.toml file. there will be cortex-m crate, replace that with this: cortex-m = "=0.6.4"

Note. add = sign.

babarsaed commented 3 years ago

Assalam O Alaikum

Dear All,

I am also facing the same problem when compiling hello-world for itm, i have change in my Auxillary/cargo.toml file (cortex-mm = "=0.6.4" but getting same problem "linking with rust-lld failed: exit code: 1". ////////////////////////////// Error Message /////////////////// Compiling stm32f30x-hal v0.2.0 Compiling f3 v0.6.1 Compiling aux6 v0.2.0 (/home/babarsaeed/Desktop/06-hello-world/auxiliary) Compiling hello-world v0.2.0 (/home/babarsaeed/Desktop/06-hello-world) error: linking with rust-lld failed: exit code: 1

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// My rustup and rustc versions are mentioned below

root@ubuntu:/home/babarsaeed/Desktop/06-hello-world# rustup --version --verbose rustup 1.23.1 (3df2264a9 2020-11-30) info: This is the version for the rustup toolchain manager, not the rustc compiler. info: The currently active rustc version is rustc 1.49.0 (e1884a8e3 2020-12-29)

root@ubuntu:/home/babarsaeed/Desktop/06-hello-world# rustc --version --verbose rustc 1.49.0 (e1884a8e3 2020-12-29) binary: rustc commit-hash: e1884a8e3c3e813aada8254edfa120e85bf5ffca commit-date: 2020-12-29 host: x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu release: 1.49.0

root@ubuntu:/home/babarsaeed/Desktop/06-hello-world# cargo --version --verbose cargo 1.49.0 (d00d64df9 2020-12-05) release: 1.49.0 commit-hash: d00d64df9f803bf5bba8714ca498d8f9159d07f6 commit-date: 2020-12-05

@Sir Imran please help is required for resolving the issue.

Best Regards

hoani commented 3 years ago

Note. add = sign.

This is what worked for me, thanks!

sirhcel commented 3 years ago

Hello everyone, several changes and fixes have landed in this repository recently (for example https://github.com/rust-embedded/discovery/pull/341). They include switching to the actively maintained stm32f3xx-hal.

As of https://github.com/rust-embedded/discovery/commit/cc254bbbb381931e22e5f491ad48e558cc5f940d I can build all examples successfully.

$ git describe --always --dirty
cc254b
$ rustc --version
rustc 1.52.1 (9bc8c42bb 2021-05-09)
$ cargo build --target thumbv7em-none-eabihf

Yes, there are still warnings about unused variables, constants, ... But the build itself works.

@imran82ali I expect this to resolve your issues too. Does the latest updates work out for you?

NitinSaxenait commented 3 years ago

Hi there, can someone help me with this error?

error: linking withrust-lld` failed: exit code: 1 | = note: "rust-lld" "-flavor" "gnu" "--eh-frame-hdr" "-L" "/home/knoldus/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/thumbv7em-none-eabihf/lib" "/home/knoldus/Documents/discovery_findings/target/thumbv7em-none-eabihf/debug/deps/Discovery_findings-b7aea3dd29a5e0cc.3ncfi4nyk1i80m6v.rcgu.o" "-o" "/home/knoldus/Documents/discovery_findings/target/thumbv7em-none-eabihf/debug/deps/Discovery_findings-b7aea3dd29a5e0cc" "--gc-sections" "-L" "/home/knoldus/Documents/discovery_findings/target/thumbv7em-none-eabihf/debug/deps" "-L" "/home/knoldus/Documents/discovery_findings/target/debug/deps" "-L" "/home/knoldus/Documents/discovery_findings/target/thumbv7em-none-eabihf/debug/build/cortex-m-rt-e65540f12cd59363/out" "-L" "/home/knoldus/Documents/discovery_findings/target/thumbv7em-none-eabihf/debug/build/stm32f3-discovery-eeee63eedc8e0380/out" "-L" "/home/knoldus/Documents/discovery_findings/target/thumbv7em-none-eabihf/debug/build/cortex-m-4750117c1a38ab5e/out" "-L" "/home/knoldus/Documents/discovery_findings/target/thumbv7em-none-eabihf/debug/build/stm32f3-a6b2c85f32baa777/out" "-L" "/home/knoldus/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/thumbv7em-none-eabihf/lib" "-Bstatic" "/home/knoldus/Documents/discovery_findings/target/thumbv7em-none-eabihf/debug/deps/libcortex_m_rt-d06b3066a590e676.rlib" "/home/knoldus/Documents/discovery_findings/target/thumbv7em-none-eabihf/debug/deps/libr0-0d339b2b0521ae60.rlib" "--start-group" "/home/knoldus/Documents/discovery_findings/target/thumbv7em-none-eabihf/debug/deps/libpanic_halt-68a4462fe5a5c135.rlib" "/home/knoldus/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/thumbv7em-none-eabihf/lib/librustc_std_workspace_core-ca62b1c0ce05e39c.rlib" "/home/knoldus/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/thumbv7em-none-eabihf/lib/libcore-7be5eea1ddb7319f.rlib" "--end-group" "/home/knoldus/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/thumbv7em-none-eabihf/lib/libcompiler_builtins-09c3e5620e7b76e8.rlib" "-Tlink.x" "-Bdynamic" = note: rust-lld: error: ERROR(cortex-m-rt): The interrupt vectors are missing. Possible solutions, from most likely to less likely:

error: aborting due to previous error; 1 warning emitted

error: could not compile Discovery_findings

config file `[target.thumbv7em-none-eabihf]

runner = "arm-none-eabi-gdb -q"

runner = "gdb-multiarch -q"

runner = "gdb -q"

rustflags = [ "-C", "link-arg=-Tlink.x", ] [build] target = "thumbv7em-none-eabihf`

memory.x is also showing error SOMETHING_IS_GONNA_HAPPEN

sirhcel commented 3 years ago

Hello @NitinSaxenait, I have no idea what's going wrong at a first glance. Could you please give information on how you got there? Which example are you trying to build? Which revision of the examples and versions of tooling are you using (like I've done in https://github.com/rust-embedded/discovery/issues/246#issuecomment-851465950)?

NitinSaxenait commented 3 years ago

``@sirhcel i am trying to build the first example from Discovery Book using my own repo. i am using rustc 1.51.0

i am getting this error -> error: linking with rust-lld failed: exit code: 1 i am not able to link with the microcontroller. I have created the memory.x file but its also giving an error "SOMETHING GONNA HAPPEN"

sirhcel commented 3 years ago

Alright @NitinSaxenait, but I still have no idea what the error you are getting is about. https://github.com/NitinSaxenait/My_DiscoveryRepo looks pretty empty to me. Could you please publish the actual code that fails and link it here? The compiler looks pretty up to date.

i am not able to link with the microcontroller. I have created the memory.x file but its also giving an error "SOMETHING GONNA HAPPEN"

Depending on the microcontroller your are using, explicitly providing memory.x might not be necessary. Are you writing your code for a STM32F3DISCOVERY?

NitinSaxenait commented 3 years ago

The code which i want to load in stm32 Discovery board.

`#![no_main]

![no_std]

use panichalt as ; use cortex_m_rt::entry;

[entry]

fn main() -> ! { let _y; let x = 40; _y = x;

// infinite loop; just so we don't leave this stack frame

loop {}

} ` on building the code I am getting this error

error: linking with rust-lld failed: exit code: 1 | = note: "rust-lld" "-flavor" "gnu" "--eh-frame-hdr" "-L" "/home/knoldus/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/thumbv7em-none-eabihf/lib" "/home/knoldus/Documents/My_DiscoveryRepo/discovery_findings/target/thumbv7em-none-eabihf/debug/deps/Discovery_findings-b7aea3dd29a5e0cc.3ncfi4nyk1i80m6v.rcgu.o" "-o" "/home/knoldus/Documents/My_DiscoveryRepo/discovery_findings/target/thumbv7em-none-eabihf/debug/deps/Discovery_findings-b7aea3dd29a5e0cc" "--gc-sections" "-L" "/home/knoldus/Documents/My_DiscoveryRepo/discovery_findings/target/thumbv7em-none-eabihf/debug/deps" "-L" "/home/knoldus/Documents/My_DiscoveryRepo/discovery_findings/target/debug/deps" "-L" "/home/knoldus/Documents/My_DiscoveryRepo/discovery_findings/target/thumbv7em-none-eabihf/debug/build/cortex-m-rt-e65540f12cd59363/out" "-L" "/home/knoldus/Documents/My_DiscoveryRepo/discovery_findings/target/thumbv7em-none-eabihf/debug/build/stm32f3-discovery-eeee63eedc8e0380/out" "-L" "/home/knoldus/Documents/My_DiscoveryRepo/discovery_findings/target/thumbv7em-none-eabihf/debug/build/cortex-m-4750117c1a38ab5e/out" "-L" "/home/knoldus/Documents/My_DiscoveryRepo/discovery_findings/target/thumbv7em-none-eabihf/debug/build/stm32f3-a6b2c85f32baa777/out" "-L" "/home/knoldus/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/thumbv7em-none-eabihf/lib" "-Bstatic" "/home/knoldus/Documents/My_DiscoveryRepo/discovery_findings/target/thumbv7em-none-eabihf/debug/deps/libcortex_m_rt-d06b3066a590e676.rlib" "/home/knoldus/Documents/My_DiscoveryRepo/discovery_findings/target/thumbv7em-none-eabihf/debug/deps/libr0-0d339b2b0521ae60.rlib" "--start-group" "/home/knoldus/Documents/My_DiscoveryRepo/discovery_findings/target/thumbv7em-none-eabihf/debug/deps/libpanic_halt-68a4462fe5a5c135.rlib" "/home/knoldus/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/thumbv7em-none-eabihf/lib/librustc_std_workspace_core-ca62b1c0ce05e39c.rlib" "/home/knoldus/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/thumbv7em-none-eabihf/lib/libcore-7be5eea1ddb7319f.rlib" "--end-group" "/home/knoldus/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/thumbv7em-none-eabihf/lib/libcompiler_builtins-09c3e5620e7b76e8.rlib" "-Tlink.x" "-Bdynamic" = note: rust-lld: error: ERROR(cortex-m-rt): The interrupt vectors are missing. Possible solutions, from most likely to less likely:

memory.x

MEMORY { / NOTE 1 K = 1 KiBi = 1024 bytes / FLASH : ORIGIN = 0x08000000, LENGTH = 256K RAM : ORIGIN = 0x20000000, LENGTH = 40K }

sirhcel commented 3 years ago

@NitinSaxenait, I meant publishing the whole project code to a repository and linking it from this issue. The project setup might make the little difference as well ... ;-)

I made the following assumptions about your setup: STM32F3DISCOVERY, directly using stm32f3xx-hal because you explicitly mentioned memory.x. Under them it seems that the missing interrupt vectors are caused by not actually using the HAL for the MCU which provides them. Use it in analog to the panic handler in your main.rs. My test project compiles successfully, when having them aboard:

src/issue-246-interrupt-vectors $ cargo build --target thumbv7em-none-eabihf
[...]
   Compiling interrupt-vectors v0.1.0 ([...]/src/issue-246-interrupt-vectors)
    Finished dev [unoptimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 53.07s
NitinSaxenait commented 3 years ago

@sirhcel that's what i wanted, it worked thanks for your help :)

AthulMuralidhar commented 9 months ago

@NitinSaxenait, I meant publishing the whole project code to a repository and linking it from this issue. The project setup might make the little difference as well ... ;-)

I made the following assumptions about your setup: STM32F3DISCOVERY, directly using stm32f3xx-hal because you explicitly mentioned memory.x. Under them it seems that the missing interrupt vectors are caused by not actually using the HAL for the MCU which provides them. Use it in analog to the panic handler in your main.rs. My test project compiles successfully, when having them aboard:

src/issue-246-interrupt-vectors $ cargo build --target thumbv7em-none-eabihf
[...]
   Compiling interrupt-vectors v0.1.0 ([...]/src/issue-246-interrupt-vectors)
    Finished dev [unoptimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 53.07s

this totally worked - thx!