To plan an investigation to determine how the material of the clothes affects the rate of evaporation of water from the clothes, follow these steps:
Apparatus Needed:
Samples of cotton, polyester, and wool fabric, cut into equal sizes.
A sensitive scale to weigh the samples.
Water to wet the fabric samples.
A controlled environment such as a room with constant temperature and humidity.
A timer or stopwatch.
A drying rack or line to hang the samples.
Optional: Hygrometer to measure humidity.
Method:
Weigh each dry fabric sample and record its mass.
Submerge each fabric sample in water for a consistent period to ensure they are equally saturated.
Remove the samples from the water and gently wring them out to remove excess water, ensuring this is done equally for each sample.
Weigh each wet fabric sample and record its mass to determine the amount of water each has absorbed.
Hang the wet samples in the controlled environment.
Start the timer immediately after hanging them.
Weigh each sample at regular intervals (e.g., every 10 minutes) until no further mass change is detected, indicating the samples are dry.
Record the time taken for each sample to reach its original dry mass.
Safety Precautions:
Ensure the area is well-ventilated to prevent condensation and humidity buildup.
Handle the wet samples carefully to prevent water spillage that could lead to slipping hazards.
Variables to Measure:
The initial mass of each dry fabric sample.
The mass of each wet fabric immediately after soaking and wringing.
The mass of each fabric sample at each time interval during drying.
The total time taken for each sample to dry.
Variables to Keep Constant:
The size and shape of the fabric samples.
The environmental conditions where the samples are dried.
The duration of the initial submersion in water.
The method of wringing out excess water.
Processing Results:
Calculate the rate of evaporation for each material by dividing the total mass of water evaporated by the time taken to dry.
Create a table to record the mass of each sample at each time interval.
Plot a graph for each fabric type showing the change in mass over time.
Compare the rates of evaporation among the different materials.
Conclusion:
Analyze the data to determine which material dries the fastest and which dries the slowest.
Discuss the properties of each fabric type that might contribute to the differences in evaporation rate, such as fiber structure, absorbency, and thermal conductivity.
You may include a labeled diagram to visualize the experimental setup and a table with columns for fabric type, initial mass, mass after soaking, mass at each time interval, and total drying time.
To plan an investigation to check the claims made by the company about the drinks cooler sleeve, follow these steps:
Apparatus Needed:
The drinks cooler sleeve.
A glass that fits inside the sleeve.
A freezer set to -20°C.
A thermometer to measure the temperature of water.
A stopwatch or timer to track the cooling time.
Access to water at room temperature.
Insulating materials to minimize external temperature influence (optional).
Method:
Chill the drinks cooler sleeve in the freezer at -20°C for a sufficient time to ensure it reaches the freezer's temperature.
Measure 200 cm³ of room temperature water using a measuring cylinder and pour it into the glass.
Record the initial temperature of the water.
Place the glass inside the chilled drinks cooler sleeve immediately after removing it from the freezer.
Start the stopwatch as soon as the glass is placed in the sleeve.
After 5 minutes, measure the temperature of the water to check if it has reached below 10°C.
Continue to monitor the temperature of the water every 5 minutes for at least 30 minutes to see if it remains below 10°C.
Measurements:
Initial temperature of the water.
Temperature at the 5-minute mark.
Temperature at 5-minute intervals up to at least 30 minutes.
Variables to Keep Constant:
The volume of water used in each test (200 cm³).
The initial temperature of the water.
The time the sleeve is kept in the freezer.
The ambient temperature where the experiment is conducted, if possible.
Safety Precautions:
Handle the glass carefully when it is cold to prevent breakage.
Ensure the freezer is correctly set to the appropriate temperature.
Processing Results:
Record the temperature data in a table with time points as headers and temperature readings as data points.
Assess if the temperature dropped below 10°C within the first 5 minutes and if it remained below that threshold for 30 minutes.
Conclusion:
Use the data collected to confirm or refute the company's claims about the drinks cooler sleeve's performance.
Discuss any potential sources of error or environmental factors that could have influenced the results.
You may include a labeled diagram showing the experimental setup with the drinks cooler sleeve, the glass with water, and the thermometer. The table could be organized with columns for the time since the start of the experiment, the expected temperature below 10°C, and the actual temperature measured at each time point.
To investigate which rod out of A (poly(ethene)), B (Perspex), and C (nylon) gains the most charge when rubbed with a wool cloth, you can conduct the following experiment:
Apparatus Needed:
Rods A, B, and C, made from poly(ethene), Perspex, and nylon, respectively.
Wool cloth.
A4 graph paper.
Scissors to cut the graph paper into small pieces.
Stopwatch to measure the time of rubbing.
A ruler to measure the distance small pieces of paper are attracted.
A balance to ensure equal size and mass of paper pieces.
Method:
Cut the graph paper into equal-sized small pieces using scissors.
Use the balance to ensure each paper piece has a similar mass for consistency.
Measure and record the initial mass of each rod.
Rub each rod (A, B, and C) with the wool cloth for a fixed amount of time (e.g., 30 seconds) using the same amount of pressure and speed to ensure consistency.
After rubbing, bring the rod near the small pieces of paper and observe the number of paper pieces each rod attracts.
Measure the distance from which the rod can attract the paper pieces as an additional measure of the charge.
Measurements:
The time spent rubbing each rod.
The number of paper pieces attracted to each rod.
The distance at which paper pieces are attracted to the rod.
Variables to Keep Constant:
The size and mass of the paper pieces.
The time spent rubbing each rod.
The pressure applied while rubbing the rods.
The environmental conditions (humidity, temperature) during the experiment.
Processing Results:
Record the number of paper pieces attracted to each rod in a table.
Create a comparative chart or graph to visualize which rod attracts more pieces.
Compare the distance of attraction if applicable.
Conclusion:
Analyze the data to determine which rod holds the most charge as indicated by the number of paper pieces attracted and the distance of attraction.
Discuss the results in terms of the triboelectric series and the materials' tendencies to gain or lose electrons.
You may include a labeled diagram showing the experimental setup: the rod being rubbed by the wool cloth, the paper pieces on a flat surface, and the rod being brought near the paper pieces. The results table could have columns for the rod material, number of paper pieces attracted, and the distance of attraction.
Oct Nov Paper 6 - 1
Question Paper
Marks Scheme
ChatGPT Response
To plan an investigation to determine how the material of the clothes affects the rate of evaporation of water from the clothes, follow these steps:
Apparatus Needed:
Method:
Safety Precautions:
Variables to Measure:
Variables to Keep Constant:
Processing Results:
Conclusion:
You may include a labeled diagram to visualize the experimental setup and a table with columns for fabric type, initial mass, mass after soaking, mass at each time interval, and total drying time.
Oct Nov Paper 6 - 2
Question Paper
Marks Scheme
ChatGPT Response
To plan an investigation to check the claims made by the company about the drinks cooler sleeve, follow these steps:
Apparatus Needed:
Method:
Measurements:
Variables to Keep Constant:
Safety Precautions:
Processing Results:
Conclusion:
You may include a labeled diagram showing the experimental setup with the drinks cooler sleeve, the glass with water, and the thermometer. The table could be organized with columns for the time since the start of the experiment, the expected temperature below 10°C, and the actual temperature measured at each time point.
Oct Nov Paper 6 - 3
Question Paper
Marks Scheme
ChatGPT Response
To investigate which rod out of A (poly(ethene)), B (Perspex), and C (nylon) gains the most charge when rubbed with a wool cloth, you can conduct the following experiment:
Apparatus Needed:
Method:
Measurements:
Variables to Keep Constant:
Processing Results:
Conclusion:
You may include a labeled diagram showing the experimental setup: the rod being rubbed by the wool cloth, the paper pieces on a flat surface, and the rod being brought near the paper pieces. The results table could have columns for the rod material, number of paper pieces attracted, and the distance of attraction.