Nominals of 1 stem ending in cerebral consonant

funderburkjim commented 5 years ago

For a general discussion of declension of the nominals ending in consonants and declined with the '1-stem' models, see #41.

From analyze_1cons.txt we extract the following frequency information for nominals ending in a cerebral and declined with the '1-stem' models.

5 entries ending in 'w' (3 distinct suffixes)
1 entry ending in 'W' (1 distinct suffix)
3 entries ending in 'q' (3 distinct suffixes)
0 entries ending in 'Q' (0 distinct suffixes)
3 entries ending in 'R' (3 distinct suffixes)

funderburkjim commented 5 years ago

The case of final consonant w

Recall the general endings for the 1-stem models.

The masculine and feminine declensions are the same.

Before vowel endings, the final w is unchanged.
Before empty endings (1s, 8s) , w is unchanged.
Before 7p ending su, final w is unchanged
Before 'B' endings, w becomes q

For neuter declension, same rules as above, but also

Before empty ending 2s, final w unchanged
Before ending i of 1p, 2p, and 8p, insert homorganic nasal R before final w (Rwi)

I've found no specific declension information for this case.

Declension of m_1_w BEw

BEw occurs in two compounds.

Case	S	D	P
Nominative	BEw	BEwO	BEwaH
Accusative	BEwam	BEwO	BEwaH
Instrumental	BEwA	BEqByAm	BEqBiH
Dative	BEwe	BEqByAm	BEqByaH
Ablative	BEwaH	BEqByAm	BEqByaH
Genitive	BEwaH	BEwoH	BEwAm
Locative	BEwi	BEwoH	BEwsu
Vocative	BEw	BEwO	BEwaH

Declension of n_1_w BEw

This is theoretical. There are in MW no neuter nominals ending in w.

Case	S	D	P
Nominative	BEw	BEwI	BERwi
Accusative	BEw	BEwI	BERwi
Instrumental	BEwA	BEqByAm	BEqBiH
Dative	BEwe	BEqByAm	BEqByaH
Ablative	BEwaH	BEqByAm	BEqByaH
Genitive	BEwaH	BEwoH	BEwAm
Locative	BEwi	BEwoH	BEwsu
Vocative	BEw	BEwI	BERwi

funderburkjim commented 5 years ago

The case of final consonant W

Recall the general endings for the 1-stem models.

The masculine and feminine declensions are the same.

Before vowel endings, the final W is unchanged
Before empty endings (1s, 8s) , final W is changed to w.
Before 7p ending su, final W is changed to w.
Before 'B' endings, final W becomes q

For neuter declension, same rules as above, but also

Before empty ending 2s, final W is changed to w.
Before ending i of 1p, 2p, and 8p, insert homorganic nasal R before final W (RWi)

I've found no specific declension information for this case.

Declension of m_1_W saW

Case	S	D	P
Nominative	saw	saWO	saWaH
Accusative	saWam	saWO	saWaH
Instrumental	saWA	saqByAm	saqBiH
Dative	saWe	saqByAm	saqByaH
Ablative	saWaH	saqByAm	saqByaH
Genitive	saWaH	saWoH	saWAm
Locative	saWi	saWoH	sawsu
Vocative	saw	saWO	saWaH

Declension of n_1_W saW

This is theoretical. There are in MW no neuter nominals ending in W.

Case	S	D	P
Nominative	saw	saWI	saRWi
Accusative	saw	saWI	saRWi
Instrumental	saWA	saqByAm	saqBiH
Dative	saWe	saqByAm	saqByaH
Ablative	saWaH	saqByAm	saqByaH
Genitive	saWaH	saWoH	saWAm
Locative	saWi	saWoH	sawsu
Vocative	saw	saWI	saRWi

funderburkjim commented 5 years ago

The case of final consonant q

The masculine and feminine declensions are the same.

Before vowel endings, the final q is unchanged
Before empty endings (1s, 8s) , final q is changed to w.
Before 7p ending su, final q is changed to w.
Before 'B' endings, final q is unchanged.

For neuter declension, same rules as above, but also

Before empty ending 2s, final q is changed to w.
Before ending i of 1p, 2p, and 8p, insert homorganic nasal R before final q (Rqi)

I've found no specific declension information for this case.

Declension of f_1_q Iq

Case	S	D	P
Nominative	Iw	IqO	IqaH
Accusative	Iqam	IqO	IqaH
Instrumental	IqA	IqByAm	IqBiH
Dative	Iqe	IqByAm	IqByaH
Ablative	IqaH	IqByAm	IqByaH
Genitive	IqaH	IqoH	IqAm
Locative	Iqi	IqoH	Iwsu
Vocative	Iw	IqO	IqaH

Declension of n_1_q Iq

This is theoretical. There are in MW no neuter nominals ending in q

Case	S	D	P
Nominative	Iw	IqI	IRqi
Accusative	Iw	IqI	IRqi
Instrumental	IqA	IqByAm	IqBiH
Dative	Iqe	IqByAm	IqByaH
Ablative	IqaH	IqByAm	IqByaH
Genitive	IqaH	IqoH	IqAm
Locative	Iqi	IqoH	Iwsu
Vocative	Iw	IqI	IRqi

funderburkjim commented 5 years ago

The case of final consonant R

From the very limited discussion from Kale (p. 54), our declension uses the very simple rule that the final R is unchanged before all endings.

Declension of m_1_R sugaR

Case	S	D	P
Nominative	sugaR	sugaRO	sugaRaH
Accusative	sugaRam	sugaRO	sugaRaH
Instrumental	sugaRA	sugaRByAm	sugaRBiH
Dative	sugaRe	sugaRByAm	sugaRByaH
Ablative	sugaRaH	sugaRByAm	sugaRByaH
Genitive	sugaRaH	sugaRoH	sugaRAm
Locative	sugaRi	sugaRoH	sugaRsu
Vocative	sugaR	sugaRO	sugaRaH

Note: For 7p, Kale gives two additional optional forms: sugaRwsu and sugaRWsu.

Declension of n_1_R sugaR

Case	S	D	P
Nominative	sugaR	sugaRI	sugaRi
Accusative	sugaR	sugaRI	sugaRi
Instrumental	sugaRA	sugaRByAm	sugaRBiH
Dative	sugaRe	sugaRByAm	sugaRByaH
Ablative	sugaRaH	sugaRByAm	sugaRByaH
Genitive	sugaRaH	sugaRoH	sugaRAm
Locative	sugaRi	sugaRoH	sugaRsu
Vocative	sugaR	sugaRI	sugaRi

Note: Both of above declensions agree with Huet.

sanskrit-lexicon / MWinflect