Hi, Steven. Recently when I was trying to construct call graph of a small app using CallGaphAlgorithm.CHA, I encountered the OutOfMemory error. Then I set JVM maximum heap memory to 24GB, it will still throw the OutOfMemory error after several minutes, although it has printedCall graph generated successfully message. I am wondering is the call graph really built successfully? And why it will throw OutOfMemory error when constructing call graph of a very lite application (only 4.82MB).
I initially guessed that this was due to a circular method call in the application, which will cause create endless nodes when constructing call graph. But I can't find any circular method call after checking my application source code.
Besides I would also like to know if there is any other poosible solution to this problem besides increasing the jvm heap memory (increasing heap memory doesn't seem to solve the problem).
Here is the log
[main] INFO edu.sustech.util.CGUtil - Start to construct call graph
[main] INFO soot.jimple.infoflow.android.SetupApplication - Initializing Soot...
[main] INFO soot.jimple.infoflow.android.SetupApplication - Loading dex files...
[main] INFO soot.jimple.infoflow.android.SetupApplication - ARSC file parsing took 0.0348625 seconds
[main] INFO soot.jimple.infoflow.memory.MemoryWarningSystem - Registered a memory warning system for 9,086.4 MiB
[main] INFO soot.jimple.infoflow.android.entryPointCreators.AndroidEntryPointCreator - Creating Android entry point for 1 components...
[main] INFO soot.jimple.infoflow.android.SetupApplication - Constructing the callgraph...
[main] ERROR soot.jimple.toolkits.typing.fast.TypePromotionUseVisitor - Failed Typing in <androidx.recyclerview.widget.StaggeredGridLayoutManager: int fill(androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView$Recycler,androidx.recyclerview.widget.LayoutState,androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView$State)> at statement specialinvoke this.<androidx.recyclerview.widget.StaggeredGridLayoutManager: void measureChildWithDecorationsAndMargin(android.view.View,androidx.recyclerview.widget.StaggeredGridLayoutManager$LayoutParams,boolean)>($u-1#29, $u14#33, $u9#3): Is not cast compatible: boolean <-- [0..127]
[main] ERROR soot.jimple.toolkits.typing.fast.TypePromotionUseVisitor - Failed Typing in <androidx.appcompat.widget.ActionMenuPresenter: boolean flagActionItems()> at statement virtualinvoke $u15#43.<androidx.appcompat.view.menu.MenuItemImpl: void setIsActionButton(boolean)>($u3#4): Is not cast compatible: boolean <-- [0..127]
[main] INFO soot.jimple.infoflow.android.callbacks.DefaultCallbackAnalyzer - Collecting callbacks in DEFAULT mode...
[main] INFO soot.jimple.infoflow.android.callbacks.DefaultCallbackAnalyzer - Callback analysis done.
[main] INFO soot.jimple.infoflow.android.entryPointCreators.AndroidEntryPointCreator - Creating Android entry point for 1 components...
[main] WARN soot.jimple.infoflow.android.entryPointCreators.components.ActivityEntryPointCreator - Cannot create valid constructor for androidx.appcompat.view.menu.MenuPopup, because it is abstract and cannot substitute with subclass
[main] WARN soot.jimple.infoflow.android.entryPointCreators.components.ActivityEntryPointCreator - Cannot create valid constructor for androidx.core.view.OnApplyWindowInsetsListener, because it is an interface and cannot substitute with subclass
[main] WARN soot.jimple.infoflow.android.entryPointCreators.components.ActivityEntryPointCreator - Cannot create valid constructor for androidx.transition.Transition, because it is abstract and cannot substitute with subclass
[main] WARN soot.jimple.infoflow.android.entryPointCreators.components.ActivityEntryPointCreator - Cannot create valid constructor for androidx.core.view.ViewPropertyAnimatorUpdateListener, because it is an interface and cannot substitute with subclass
[main] WARN soot.jimple.infoflow.android.entryPointCreators.components.ActivityEntryPointCreator - Cannot create valid constructor for androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView$ViewHolder, because it is abstract and cannot substitute with subclass
[main] WARN soot.jimple.infoflow.android.entryPointCreators.components.ActivityEntryPointCreator - Cannot create valid constructor for androidx.fragment.app.FragmentManager, because it is abstract and cannot substitute with subclass
[main] WARN soot.jimple.infoflow.android.entryPointCreators.components.ActivityEntryPointCreator - Cannot create valid constructor for androidx.fragment.app.FragmentTransition$Callback, because it is an interface and cannot substitute with subclass
[main] WARN soot.jimple.infoflow.android.entryPointCreators.components.ActivityEntryPointCreator - Cannot create valid constructor for androidx.core.internal.view.SupportMenuItem, because it is an interface and cannot substitute with subclass
[main] WARN soot.jimple.infoflow.android.entryPointCreators.components.ActivityEntryPointCreator - Cannot create valid constructor for org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParser, because it is an interface and cannot substitute with subclass
[main] WARN soot.jimple.infoflow.android.entryPointCreators.components.ActivityEntryPointCreator - Cannot create valid constructor for androidx.appcompat.widget.ForwardingListener, because it is abstract and cannot substitute with subclass
[main] INFO soot.jimple.infoflow.android.SetupApplication - Constructing the callgraph...
[main] INFO soot.jimple.infoflow.android.callbacks.DefaultCallbackAnalyzer - Running incremental callback analysis for 2 components...
[main] INFO soot.jimple.infoflow.android.callbacks.DefaultCallbackAnalyzer - Incremental callback analysis done.
[main] INFO soot.jimple.infoflow.android.entryPointCreators.AndroidEntryPointCreator - Creating Android entry point for 1 components...
[main] WARN soot.jimple.infoflow.android.entryPointCreators.components.ActivityEntryPointCreator - Cannot create valid constructor for androidx.appcompat.view.menu.MenuPopup, because it is abstract and cannot substitute with subclass
[main] WARN soot.jimple.infoflow.android.entryPointCreators.components.ActivityEntryPointCreator - Cannot create valid constructor for androidx.core.view.OnApplyWindowInsetsListener, because it is an interface and cannot substitute with subclass
[main] WARN soot.jimple.infoflow.android.entryPointCreators.components.ActivityEntryPointCreator - Cannot create valid constructor for androidx.appcompat.view.ActionMode, because it is abstract and cannot substitute with subclass
[main] WARN soot.jimple.infoflow.android.entryPointCreators.components.ActivityEntryPointCreator - Cannot create valid constructor for androidx.transition.Transition, because it is abstract and cannot substitute with subclass
[main] WARN soot.jimple.infoflow.android.entryPointCreators.components.ActivityEntryPointCreator - Cannot create valid constructor for androidx.core.view.ViewPropertyAnimatorUpdateListener, because it is an interface and cannot substitute with subclass
[main] WARN soot.jimple.infoflow.android.entryPointCreators.components.ActivityEntryPointCreator - Cannot create valid constructor for androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView$ViewHolder, because it is abstract and cannot substitute with subclass
[main] WARN soot.jimple.infoflow.android.entryPointCreators.components.ActivityEntryPointCreator - Cannot create valid constructor for androidx.fragment.app.FragmentManager, because it is abstract and cannot substitute with subclass
[main] WARN soot.jimple.infoflow.android.entryPointCreators.components.ActivityEntryPointCreator - Cannot create valid constructor for androidx.core.view.WindowInsetsAnimationCompat$Callback, because it is abstract and cannot substitute with subclass
[main] WARN soot.jimple.infoflow.android.entryPointCreators.components.ActivityEntryPointCreator - Cannot create valid constructor for androidx.fragment.app.FragmentTransition$Callback, because it is an interface and cannot substitute with subclass
[main] WARN soot.jimple.infoflow.android.entryPointCreators.components.ActivityEntryPointCreator - Cannot create valid constructor for androidx.core.internal.view.SupportMenuItem, because it is an interface and cannot substitute with subclass
[main] WARN soot.jimple.infoflow.android.entryPointCreators.components.ActivityEntryPointCreator - Cannot create valid constructor for org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParser, because it is an interface and cannot substitute with subclass
[main] WARN soot.jimple.infoflow.android.entryPointCreators.components.ActivityEntryPointCreator - Cannot create valid constructor for androidx.appcompat.widget.ForwardingListener, because it is abstract and cannot substitute with subclass
[main] INFO soot.jimple.infoflow.android.SetupApplication - Constructing the callgraph...
[main] INFO soot.jimple.infoflow.android.callbacks.DefaultCallbackAnalyzer - Running incremental callback analysis for 1 components...
[main] INFO soot.jimple.infoflow.android.callbacks.DefaultCallbackAnalyzer - Incremental callback analysis done.
[main] INFO soot.jimple.infoflow.android.entryPointCreators.AndroidEntryPointCreator - Creating Android entry point for 1 components...
[main] WARN soot.jimple.infoflow.android.entryPointCreators.components.ActivityEntryPointCreator - Cannot create valid constructor for androidx.appcompat.view.menu.MenuPopup, because it is abstract and cannot substitute with subclass
[main] WARN soot.jimple.infoflow.android.entryPointCreators.components.ActivityEntryPointCreator - Cannot create valid constructor for androidx.core.view.OnApplyWindowInsetsListener, because it is an interface and cannot substitute with subclass
[main] WARN soot.jimple.infoflow.android.entryPointCreators.components.ActivityEntryPointCreator - Cannot create valid constructor for androidx.appcompat.view.ActionMode, because it is abstract and cannot substitute with subclass
[main] WARN soot.jimple.infoflow.android.entryPointCreators.components.ActivityEntryPointCreator - Cannot create valid constructor for androidx.transition.Transition, because it is abstract and cannot substitute with subclass
[main] WARN soot.jimple.infoflow.android.entryPointCreators.components.ActivityEntryPointCreator - Cannot create valid constructor for androidx.core.view.ViewPropertyAnimatorUpdateListener, because it is an interface and cannot substitute with subclass
[main] WARN soot.jimple.infoflow.android.entryPointCreators.components.ActivityEntryPointCreator - Cannot create valid constructor for androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView$ViewHolder, because it is abstract and cannot substitute with subclass
[main] WARN soot.jimple.infoflow.android.entryPointCreators.components.ActivityEntryPointCreator - Cannot create valid constructor for androidx.fragment.app.FragmentManager, because it is abstract and cannot substitute with subclass
[main] WARN soot.jimple.infoflow.android.entryPointCreators.components.ActivityEntryPointCreator - Cannot create valid constructor for androidx.core.view.WindowInsetsAnimationCompat$Callback, because it is abstract and cannot substitute with subclass
[main] WARN soot.jimple.infoflow.android.entryPointCreators.components.ActivityEntryPointCreator - Cannot create valid constructor for androidx.fragment.app.FragmentTransition$Callback, because it is an interface and cannot substitute with subclass
[main] WARN soot.jimple.infoflow.android.entryPointCreators.components.ActivityEntryPointCreator - Cannot create valid constructor for androidx.core.internal.view.SupportMenuItem, because it is an interface and cannot substitute with subclass
[main] WARN soot.jimple.infoflow.android.entryPointCreators.components.ActivityEntryPointCreator - Cannot create valid constructor for org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParser, because it is an interface and cannot substitute with subclass
[main] WARN soot.jimple.infoflow.android.entryPointCreators.components.ActivityEntryPointCreator - Cannot create valid constructor for androidx.appcompat.widget.ForwardingListener, because it is abstract and cannot substitute with subclass
[main] INFO soot.jimple.infoflow.android.SetupApplication - Constructing the callgraph...
[main] INFO soot.jimple.infoflow.android.callbacks.DefaultCallbackAnalyzer - Running incremental callback analysis for 0 components...
[main] INFO soot.jimple.infoflow.android.callbacks.DefaultCallbackAnalyzer - Incremental callback analysis done.
[main] INFO soot.jimple.infoflow.memory.MemoryWarningSystem - Shutting down the memory warning system...
[main] INFO soot.jimple.infoflow.android.SetupApplication - Callback analysis terminated normally
[main] INFO soot.jimple.infoflow.android.SetupApplication - Entry point calculation done.
[main] INFO soot.jimple.infoflow.android.SetupApplication - Collecting callbacks and building a callgraph took 14 seconds
[main] INFO soot.jimple.infoflow.android.SetupApplication - Running data flow analysis on D:\OneDrive - Office\File\Project\Intellij IDEA\android-api-compatibility-detection\apk\app.apk with 0 sources and 0 sinks...
[main] INFO soot.jimple.infoflow.InfoflowConfiguration - Implicit flow tracking is NOT enabled
[main] INFO soot.jimple.infoflow.InfoflowConfiguration - Exceptional flow tracking is enabled
[main] INFO soot.jimple.infoflow.InfoflowConfiguration - Running with a maximum access path length of 5
[main] INFO soot.jimple.infoflow.InfoflowConfiguration - Using path-agnostic result collection
[main] INFO soot.jimple.infoflow.InfoflowConfiguration - Recursive access path shortening is enabled
[main] INFO soot.jimple.infoflow.InfoflowConfiguration - Taint analysis enabled: false
[main] INFO soot.jimple.infoflow.InfoflowConfiguration - Using alias algorithm FlowSensitive
[main] INFO soot.jimple.infoflow.memory.MemoryWarningSystem - Registered a memory warning system for 9,086.4 MiB
[main] INFO soot.jimple.infoflow.android.SetupApplication$InPlaceInfoflow - Callgraph construction took 0 seconds
[main] INFO soot.jimple.infoflow.codeOptimization.InterproceduralConstantValuePropagator - Removing side-effect free methods is disabled
[main] INFO soot.jimple.infoflow.android.SetupApplication$InPlaceInfoflow - Dead code elimination took 1.6373035 seconds
[main] INFO soot.jimple.infoflow.android.SetupApplication$InPlaceInfoflow - Callgraph has 94471 edges
[main] INFO soot.jimple.infoflow.android.SetupApplication$InPlaceInfoflow - Data flow solver took 2 seconds. Maximum memory consumption: 773 MB
[main] INFO soot.jimple.infoflow.android.SetupApplication - Found 0 leaks
[main] INFO edu.sustech.util.CGUtil - Call graph generated successfully
[Low memory monitor] INFO soot.jimple.infoflow.memory.MemoryWarningSystem - Triggering memory warning at 9827 MB (10586 MB max, 9755 in watched memory pool)...
[Low memory monitor] WARN soot.jimple.infoflow.memory.FlowDroidMemoryWatcher - Running out of memory, solvers terminated
[Finalizer] INFO soot.jimple.infoflow.memory.MemoryWarningSystem - Shutting down the memory warning system...
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Java heap space
at soot.jimple.toolkits.callgraph.CallGraph.edgesInto(CallGraph.java:337)
at edu.sustech.util.CGUtil.callChainOf(CGUtil.java:65)
at edu.sustech.Main.main(Main.java:19)
Process finished with exit code 1
Hi, Steven. Recently when I was trying to construct call graph of a small app using
CallGaphAlgorithm.CHA, I encountered theOutOfMemoryerror. Then I set JVM maximum heap memory to 24GB, it will still throw theOutOfMemoryerror after several minutes, although it has printedCall graph generated successfullymessage. I am wondering is the call graph really built successfully? And why it will throwOutOfMemoryerror when constructing call graph of a very lite application (only 4.82MB). I initially guessed that this was due to a circular method call in the application, which will cause create endless nodes when constructing call graph. But I can't find any circular method call after checking my application source code. Besides I would also like to know if there is any other poosible solution to this problem besides increasing the jvm heap memory (increasing heap memory doesn't seem to solve the problem).Here is the log