Differentiable Imbalance

[FelixWodaczek]

Proposed changes

Adds feature weighting and selection via Differentiable Imbalance as a functionality to DADApy. This is soon to be published work by @wildromi, @vdeltatto with minor contributions by me based on implementations mostly by @wildromi.

The functionalities are separated into:

• a Cython extension in dadapy/_cython/cython_differentiable_imbalance.pyx and a Cython 3.0.8 cythonized cython_differentiable_imbalance.c.
• general differentiable imbalance utilities in dadapy/_utils/differentiable_imbalance.py.
• feature weighting and selection using these utilities in dadapy/feature_weighting.py, inheriting from Base.
• unittests for all additional functionalities in tests/test_feature_weighting/.
• The data class now also inherits FeatureWeighting.

All exposed functions have docstrings, a tutorial is still missing and will be added directly by @vdeltatto after PR.

Types of changes

What types of changes does your code introduce?

• [ ] Bugfix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• [x] New feature (non-breaking change which adds functionality)
• [ ] Breaking change (fix or feature that would cause existing functionality to not work as expected)

Checklist

Put an x in the boxes that apply.

• [x] Lint and unit tests pass locally with my changes
• [x] I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my feature works