Ensure take() and drop() handle out-of-range arguments

[tcbrindle]

• Make take() and drop() accept arguments of any integral type, and perform a checked cast to distance_t
• If passed a negative argument, raise a runtime_error()
• Correctly handle arguments larger than the sequence size by taking/dropping the entire sequence, and ensure we report the correct thing in size().

[codecov[bot]]

Codecov Report

Patch coverage: 100.00% and project coverage change: +0.13 :tada:

Comparison is base (e9ba69a) 98.38% compared to head (bf616ff) 98.51%.

Additional details and impacted files

```diff @@ Coverage Diff @@ ## main #58 +/- ## ========================================== + Coverage 98.38% 98.51% +0.13% ========================================== Files 63 63 Lines 2287 2288 +1 ========================================== + Hits 2250 2254 +4 + Misses 37 34 -3 ``` | [Impacted Files](https://codecov.io/gh/tcbrindle/flux/pull/58?src=pr&el=tree&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=Tristan+Brindle) | Coverage Δ | | |---|---|---| | [include/flux/core/inline\_sequence\_base.hpp](https://codecov.io/gh/tcbrindle/flux/pull/58?src=pr&el=tree&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=Tristan+Brindle#diff-aW5jbHVkZS9mbHV4L2NvcmUvaW5saW5lX3NlcXVlbmNlX2Jhc2UuaHBw) | `92.30% <ø> (ø)` | | | [include/flux/op/drop.hpp](https://codecov.io/gh/tcbrindle/flux/pull/58?src=pr&el=tree&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=Tristan+Brindle#diff-aW5jbHVkZS9mbHV4L29wL2Ryb3AuaHBw) | `100.00% <100.00%> (ø)` | | | [include/flux/op/take.hpp](https://codecov.io/gh/tcbrindle/flux/pull/58?src=pr&el=tree&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=Tristan+Brindle#diff-aW5jbHVkZS9mbHV4L29wL3Rha2UuaHBw) | `100.00% <100.00%> (ø)` | | ... and [3 files with indirect coverage changes](https://codecov.io/gh/tcbrindle/flux/pull/58/indirect-changes?src=pr&el=tree-more&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=Tristan+Brindle)

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