@types/jest is a third party library maintained at DefinitelyTyped, hence the latest Jest features or versions may not be covered yet. Try to match versions of Jest and @types/jest as closely as possible. For example, if you are using Jest 27.4.0 then installing 27.4.x of @types/jest is ideal.
https://github.com/th3rdwave/react-native-safe-area-context/blob/main/jest/mock.tsx has an implied
jest
it should use@jest/globals
as per https://jestjs.io/docs/getting-started#type-definitions as per the note about it