The following optimizations have been made (manually, for testing/debugging):
[x] Disabled the following services: cloud-init cloud-init-local cloud-finish cloud-config cloud-config.service systemd-networkd-wait-online.service
[x] Default systemd target set to multi-user.target
[x] Installed kernel 6.7 from Debian backports and installed package non-free-firmware/firmware-linux to minimize firmware/compatibility issues with the host (kernel 6.8)
[x] Removed default kernel image 6.1 after reboot from last step
[x] Removed cloud-init, ran apt autoremove --purge afterwards
[x] Disabled IPv6: apply net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6=1 via sysctl
All of this reduced the boot time from more than 20s to 10-15s, given the image is already unpacked by LXD.
The following optimizations have been made (manually, for testing/debugging):
cloud-init cloud-init-local cloud-finish cloud-config cloud-config.service systemd-networkd-wait-online.service
multi-user.target
non-free-firmware/firmware-linux
to minimize firmware/compatibility issues with the host (kernel 6.8)cloud-init
, ranapt autoremove --purge
afterwardsnet.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6=1
via sysctlAll of this reduced the boot time from more than 20s to 10-15s, given the image is already unpacked by LXD.