Add Circular Queue Implementation

[Hasti522004]

Pull Request: Add Circular Queue Implementation

Description

This pull request introduces a new implementation of a Circular Queue in JavaScript. The Circular Queue is a linear data structure that follows the First In First Out (FIFO) principle and efficiently utilizes memory by wrapping around when the end of the array is reached.

Changes Made

• Added: A new file CircularQueue.js that contains the implementation of the Circular Queue.
• Implemented:
  • constructor(capacity): Initializes the Circular Queue with a specified capacity.
  • isEmpty(): Checks if the queue is empty.
  • isFull(): Checks if the queue is full.
  • peek(): Reads the element at the front of the queue without removing it.
  • enqueue(value): Adds a new element to the end of the queue.
  • dequeue(): Removes the element at the front of the queue.
  • getSize(): Returns the current size of the queue.
  • toString(): Returns the string representation of the queue.

Motivation

The motivation behind this addition is to provide an efficient queue implementation that can handle wrap-around cases seamlessly. This is particularly useful for scenarios where memory utilization is crucial and can help in reducing memory overhead compared to a standard queue implementation.

Example Usage

import CircularQueue from './CircularQueue';

const cq = new CircularQueue(5);

cq.enqueue(10);
cq.enqueue(20);
cq.enqueue(30);
cq.enqueue(40);
cq.enqueue(50);

console.log(cq.toString()); // Output: "10 20 30 40 50"

cq.dequeue();
console.log(cq.peek()); // Output: 20

cq.enqueue(60);
console.log(cq.toString()); // Output: "20 30 40 50 60"

Additional Context

• Browser: Google Chrome, Version 90.0.4430.85
• Operating System: Windows 10
• Testing: The Circular Queue has been tested for various edge cases including enqueuing and dequeuing from an empty and a full queue.