detection problem

[sctrueew]

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Question

Hi everyone,

I've trained a model with yolov5m and I have a problem with some classes which are linear. for example: =>

Almost detection is 50% for the orange class but above 90% for the other classes.

Where is my problem?

Thanks in advance

Additional

No response

[github-actions[bot]]

👋 Hello @sctrueew, thank you for your interest in YOLOv5 🚀! Please visit our ⭐️ Tutorials to get started, where you can find quickstart guides for simple tasks like Custom Data Training all the way to advanced concepts like Hyperparameter Evolution.

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Requirements

Python>=3.6.0 with all requirements.txt installed including PyTorch>=1.7. To get started:

$ git clone https://github.com/ultralytics/yolov5
$ cd yolov5
$ pip install -r requirements.txt

Environments

YOLOv5 may be run in any of the following up-to-date verified environments (with all dependencies including CUDA/CUDNN, Python and PyTorch preinstalled):

• Google Colab and Kaggle notebooks with free GPU:
• Google Cloud Deep Learning VM. See GCP Quickstart Guide
• Amazon Deep Learning AMI. See AWS Quickstart Guide
• Docker Image. See Docker Quickstart Guide

Status

If this badge is green, all YOLOv5 GitHub Actions Continuous Integration (CI) tests are currently passing. CI tests verify correct operation of YOLOv5 training (train.py), validation (val.py), inference (detect.py) and export (export.py) on MacOS, Windows, and Ubuntu every 24 hours and on every commit.

[glenn-jocher]

@sctrueew 👋 Hello! Thanks for asking about improving YOLOv5 🚀 training results.

Most of the time good results can be obtained with no changes to the models or training settings, provided your dataset is sufficiently large and well labelled. If at first you don't get good results, there are steps you might be able to take to improve, but we always recommend users first train with all default settings before considering any changes. This helps establish a performance baseline and spot areas for improvement.

If you have questions about your training results we recommend you provide the maximum amount of information possible if you expect a helpful response, including results plots (train losses, val losses, P, R, mAP), PR curve, confusion matrix, training mosaics, test results and dataset statistics images such as labels.png. All of these are located in your project/name directory, typically yolov5/runs/train/exp.

We've put together a full guide for users looking to get the best results on their YOLOv5 trainings below.

Dataset

• Images per class. ≥ 1500 images per class recommended
• Instances per class. ≥ 10000 instances (labeled objects) per class recommended
• Image variety. Must be representative of deployed environment. For real-world use cases we recommend images from different times of day, different seasons, different weather, different lighting, different angles, different sources (scraped online, collected locally, different cameras) etc.
• Label consistency. All instances of all classes in all images must be labelled. Partial labelling will not work.
• Label accuracy. Labels must closely enclose each object. No space should exist between an object and it's bounding box. No objects should be missing a label.
• Background images. Background images are images with no objects that are added to a dataset to reduce False Positives (FP). We recommend about 0-10% background images to help reduce FPs (COCO has 1000 background images for reference, 1% of the total). No labels are required for background images.

Model Selection

Larger models like YOLOv5x and YOLOv5x6 will produce better results in nearly all cases, but have more parameters, require more CUDA memory to train, and are slower to run. For mobile deployments we recommend YOLOv5s/m, for cloud deployments we recommend YOLOv5l/x. See our README table for a full comparison of all models.

• Start from Pretrained weights. Recommended for small to medium sized datasets (i.e. VOC, VisDrone, GlobalWheat). Pass the name of the model to the --weights argument. Models download automatically from the latest YOLOv5 release.

  python train.py --data custom.yaml --weights yolov5s.pt
                                           yolov5m.pt
                                           yolov5l.pt
                                           yolov5x.pt
                                           custom_pretrained.pt

• Start from Scratch. Recommended for large datasets (i.e. COCO, Objects365, OIv6). Pass the model architecture yaml you are interested in, along with an empty --weights '' argument:

  python train.py --data custom.yaml --weights '' --cfg yolov5s.yaml
                                                    yolov5m.yaml
                                                    yolov5l.yaml
                                                    yolov5x.yaml

Training Settings

Before modifying anything, first train with default settings to establish a performance baseline. A full list of train.py settings can be found in the train.py argparser.

• Epochs. Start with 300 epochs. If this overfits early then you can reduce epochs. If overfitting does not occur after 300 epochs, train longer, i.e. 600, 1200 etc epochs.
• Image size. COCO trains at native resolution of --img 640, though due to the high amount of small objects in the dataset it can benefit from training at higher resolutions such as --img 1280. If there are many small objects then custom datasets will benefit from training at native or higher resolution. Best inference results are obtained at the same --img as the training was run at, i.e. if you train at --img 1280 you should also test and detect at --img 1280.
• Batch size. Use the largest --batch-size that your hardware allows for. Small batch sizes produce poor batchnorm statistics and should be avoided.
• Hyperparameters. Default hyperparameters are in hyp.scratch.yaml. We recommend you train with default hyperparameters first before thinking of modifying any. In general, increasing augmentation hyperparameters will reduce and delay overfitting, allowing for longer trainings and higher final mAP. Reduction in loss component gain hyperparameters like hyp['obj'] will help reduce overfitting in those specific loss components. For an automated method of optimizing these hyperparameters, see our Hyperparameter Evolution Tutorial.

Further Reading

If you'd like to know more a good place to start is Karpathy's 'Recipe for Training Neural Networks', which has great ideas for training that apply broadly across all ML domains: http://karpathy.github.io/2019/04/25/recipe/](https://github.com/ultralytics/yolov5/issues/2844#issuecomment-851338384)

[Zengyf-CVer]

@sctrueew The number of instances in your orange category is relatively small.

[sctrueew]

@Zengyf-CVer Hi,

No, I have many instances about orange class than other classes.

number of instances for all classes:

classid_numOfInstance 1008_2911 <==========> orange class 1009_633 1010_2741 1011_4976 1012_701 1013_136 1014_267 1015_2 1016_546 1017_340 1018_672 1019_663 1020_745 1022_628 1023_198 1024_137 1025_35 1026_13 1027_6 1028_56 1029_329 1030_488 1031_2092 1032_1

[Zengyf-CVer]

@sctrueew In the training set and validation set, does the number of instances of your orange class meet 8:2?

[sctrueew]

@Zengyf-CVer

I used the training set for the valid set. I have 2911 instances for the orange class.

two of the classes are strange. Did overfitting occur?

[Zengyf-CVer]

@sctrueew You'd better separate, 7:3 or 8:2 or 9:1. Except for the normal operation of the test program, do not use 1:1 for experiments.

[sctrueew]

@sctrueew Thanks. I always used 1:1 for yolov4 and I thought that I can use it for this repo.

[Zengyf-CVer]

@sctrueew You can try the 8:2 instance division first to see if it works.

[sctrueew]

@Zengyf-CVer Hi,

I've trained again and my result is:

Class Images Labels P R mAP@.5 mAP@.5:.95: 100%|██████████| 11/11 [00:09<00:00, 1.19it/s]
all 500 2926 0.877 0.89 0.921 0.7 Orange 500 254 0.877 0.472 0.573 0.394

[sctrueew]

@glenn-jocher Hi,

Could you please tell me, where the problem is?

Thanks

[glenn-jocher]

@sctrueew I have nothing to add beyond https://github.com/ultralytics/yolov5/issues/5833#issuecomment-982942590

[github-actions[bot]]

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