Support `--controller` in up xpkg build

[hasheddan]

Description of your changes

Updates xpkg build to support setting a base image, typically a controller, other than the empty image.

Signed-off-by: hasheddan georgedanielmangum@gmail.com

Adds support for a --controller flag to up xpkg build such that provider packages can be constructed as a single image. This change only supports fetching the controller image from the local docker daemon, and can only support building an image for a single architecture at a time. Options may be expanded based on feedback from incorporating this functionality into package building workflows.

Signed-off-by: hasheddan georgedanielmangum@gmail.com

Modifies up xpkg push to persist non-package layers and modify rather than replace the existing config file. This ensures that information such as os/arch are preserved when building provider packages from a controller image.

Signed-off-by: hasheddan georgedanielmangum@gmail.com

Fixes #176

I have:

• [x] Read and followed Upbound's contribution process.
• [x] Run make reviewable to ensure this PR is ready for review.
• [ ] Added backport release-x.y labels to auto-backport this PR, as appropriate.

How has this code been tested

Verified by building a "fat package" for crossplane/provider-aws:v0.24.1 with the following commands:

$ docker pull crossplane/provider-aws-controller:v0.24.1
$ cd package
$ up xpkg build --controller crossplane/provider-aws-controller:v0.24.1
$ up xpkg push index.docker.io/hasheddan/from-controller:v0.0.3

Resulting package image contents can be viewed here: https://explore.ggcr.dev/?image=hasheddan%2Ffrom-controller%3Av0.0.3

Config File:

{
   "config":{
      "Entrypoint":[
         "crossplane-aws-provider"
      ],
      "Env":[
         "PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"
      ],
      "ExposedPorts":{
         "8080/tcp":{

         }
      },
      "Labels":{
         "io.crossplane.xpkg:sha256:2130b0dd6e962fcd7ff51f45615149fea400c5d8cc9c45b234a429a5f2541e5e":"base"
      },
      "User":"1001"
   },
   "architecture":"amd64",
   "created":"2022-02-12T00:21:15.522134471Z",
   "history":[
      {
         "created":"2021-11-12T17:19:58.698676655Z",
         "created_by":"/bin/sh -c #(nop) ADD file:5a707b9d6cb5fff532e4c2141bc35707593f21da5528c9e71ae2ddb6ba4a4eb6 in / "
      },
      {
         "created":"2021-11-12T17:19:58.948920855Z",
         "created_by":"/bin/sh -c #(nop) CMD [\"/bin/sh\"]",
         "empty_layer":true
      },
      {
         "comment":"buildkit.dockerfile.v0",
         "created":"2022-02-12T00:21:14.315430496Z",
         "created_by":"RUN /bin/sh -c apk --no-cache add ca-certificates bash # buildkit"
      },
      {
         "comment":"buildkit.dockerfile.v0",
         "created":"2022-02-12T00:21:15.522134471Z",
         "created_by":"ARG ARCH",
         "empty_layer":true
      },
      {
         "comment":"buildkit.dockerfile.v0",
         "created":"2022-02-12T00:21:15.522134471Z",
         "created_by":"ARG TINI_VERSION",
         "empty_layer":true
      },
      {
         "comment":"buildkit.dockerfile.v0",
         "created":"2022-02-12T00:21:15.522134471Z",
         "created_by":"ADD provider /usr/local/bin/crossplane-aws-provider # buildkit"
      },
      {
         "comment":"buildkit.dockerfile.v0",
         "created":"2022-02-12T00:21:15.522134471Z",
         "created_by":"EXPOSE map[8080/tcp:{}]",
         "empty_layer":true
      },
      {
         "comment":"buildkit.dockerfile.v0",
         "created":"2022-02-12T00:21:15.522134471Z",
         "created_by":"USER 1001",
         "empty_layer":true
      },
      {
         "comment":"buildkit.dockerfile.v0",
         "created":"2022-02-12T00:21:15.522134471Z",
         "created_by":"ENTRYPOINT [\"crossplane-aws-provider\"]",
         "empty_layer":true
      },
      {
         "created":"0001-01-01T00:00:00Z"
      }
   ],
   "os":"linux",
   "rootfs":{
      "diff_ids":[
         "sha256:7fcb75871b2101082203959c83514ac8a9f4ecfee77a0fe9aa73bbe56afdf1b4",
         "sha256:5a2718191b06665faa84b8c6b7884d03544e04c0054677f51b4264d8cfd784d4",
         "sha256:b4a9a36571ccfe1cf856d990a727c4e16c3ccadea6d3ee9d535c5ed3e54fa7bd",
         "sha256:dad289fa4752e3e510f6756469e6281ff6aa9ab027cebd8c9b0d131bad921293"
      ],
      "type":"layers"
   }
}

Manifest:

{
   "schemaVersion":2,
   "mediaType":"application/vnd.docker.distribution.manifest.v2+json",
   "config":{
      "mediaType":"application/vnd.docker.container.image.v1+json",
      "size":2011,
      "digest":"sha256:76385dc71e3b1371e837cea85dbf93d1ea7ebc87f86c155a80ae178f57876ee4"
   },
   "layers":[
      {
         "mediaType":"application/vnd.docker.image.rootfs.diff.tar.gzip",
         "size":3064029,
         "digest":"sha256:e04db65a8fdafe46c2b16e29b45b11ef90b8b801eafb9f7677fb407b19339fac"
      },
      {
         "mediaType":"application/vnd.docker.image.rootfs.diff.tar.gzip",
         "size":1175760,
         "digest":"sha256:936df6f369ba9b46ab678a546e1a689ef4e7c8ee718da49b2e6a8f79a4b51342"
      },
      {
         "mediaType":"application/vnd.docker.image.rootfs.diff.tar.gzip",
         "size":33107181,
         "digest":"sha256:7b59fd4d4e002071af51078e8c12e95de6b80e76a8aa2b57cba3c92160aa7ed9"
      },
      {
         "mediaType":"application/vnd.docker.image.rootfs.diff.tar.gzip",
         "size":392104,
         "digest":"sha256:2130b0dd6e962fcd7ff51f45615149fea400c5d8cc9c45b234a429a5f2541e5e",
         "annotations":{
            "io.crossplane.xpkg":"base"
         }
      }
   ]
}