Increase speed and reliability by orders of magnitude

[zanna-37]

I created this PR mainly to address these issues: #26, #16, and I-Connect/NukiBleEsp32#37.

It's a bit of code, but I made sure that every commit is self-contained and commented on. I suggest reviewing this PR by going commit by commit, and not only the final result.

Features:

• Implement a retry mechanism
• The lock is now much faster to execute commands and retrieve results
• It works even when sending fast-paced commands
• It correctly reports the locking and unlocking states of the lock more reliably
• Actions and status updates are now correctly prioritized and paced
• Stale Bluetooth connections are now terminated without having to wait for the lock to forcibly close the connection after 20 seconds (see these lines)

For best results, I recommend decreasing NukiBleEsp32 CMD_TIMEOUT as I did in this commit: https://github.com/zanna-37/NukiBleEsp32/commit/1677425e9e6bd484e1abb0669b7d9d23259ecb23

~I'm marking this PR as a draft in order to have some days in which I will further test the code.~ I tested this for 3 weeks and it's working properly. Any opinion is welcome. And thanks for this amazing repo!

[zanna-37]

@uriyacovy I tested it for quite some days now and I confirm that it is stable and can be merged.

[uriyacovy]

Looks great @zanna-37, thanks for you contribution! And of course, apologizes for the delay.