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Hydrogen thermal conductivity discrepancy between Refprop and Webbook #389

Closed arnaudcharolais closed 3 years ago

arnaudcharolais commented 3 years ago

Description

Looking at the thermal conductivity of hydrogen in Refprop 9.1 and the NIST Webbook website, I find it varies by up to 12%. I didn’t find any other issue resolving the problem, but it may be related to issue #376.

Steps to Reproduce

  1. Load values for hydrogen from the NIST Webbook (for example at 225 K or 350 K)
  2. Load the same values from REFPROP (in my case, I think is 9.1)
  3. Compare

Expected behavior: Get the same results

Actual behavior: Differences between the two methods appear, increasing with the temperature

Versions

REFPROP Version: 9.1 Operating System and Version: Windows 10 Access Method: Python CoolProp wrapper

Additional Information

Index T (K) P (bar) lambda (Webbook) (W/m/K) lambda (refprop) (W/m/K) diff (refprop - Webbook)/refprop (%)
1 225 1 0.1468795 0.14765285 0.52%
2 225 21 0.1489713 0.150601804 1.08%
3 225 41 0.1510298 0.152989846 1.28%
4 225 61 0.1531067 0.155031646 1.24%
5 225 81 0.1552062 0.15688305 1.07%
6 225 101 0.1573289 0.158653637 0.83%
7 225 121 0.1594743 0.160417224 0.59%
8 225 141 0.1616419 0.16222059 0.36%
9 225 161 0.1638307 0.1640906 0.16%
10 225 181 0.1660398 0.166039898 0.00%
11 225 201 0.1682682 0.168071346 -0.12%
12 225 221 0.1705151 0.170181416 -0.20%
13 225 241 0.1727794 0.172362726 -0.24%
14 225 261 0.1750602 0.174605888 -0.26%
15 225 281 0.1773566 0.176900819 -0.26%
16 225 301 0.1796676 0.179237646 -0.24%
17 225 321 0.1819924 0.181607292 -0.21%
18 225 341 0.18433 0.184001842 -0.18%
19 225 361 0.1866795 0.186414739 -0.14%
20 225 381 0.18904 0.18884085 -0.11%
21 225 401 0.1914109 0.191276465 -0.07%
22 225 421 0.1937912 0.193719232 -0.04%
23 225 441 0.1961802 0.196168057 -0.01%
24 225 461 0.1985772 0.198622985 0.02%
25 225 481 0.2009816 0.201085074 0.05%
26 225 501 0.2033926 0.203556263 0.08%
27 225 521 0.2058096 0.20603925 0.11%
28 225 541 0.2082322 0.208537366 0.15%
29 225 561 0.2106597 0.211054469 0.19%
30 225 581 0.2130917 0.213594842 0.24%
31 225 601 0.2156126 0.2161631 0.25%
32 225 621 0.2197397 0.218764113 -0.45%
33 225 641 0.2238501 0.221402932 -1.11%
34 225 661 0.2279438 0.224084726 -1.72%
35 225 681 0.2320207 0.226814736 -2.30%
36 225 701 0.236081 0.22959822 -2.82%
37 225 721 0.2401248 0.232440423 -3.31%
38 225 741 0.2441521 0.235346539 -3.74%
39 225 761 0.248163 0.238321687 -4.13%
40 225 781 0.2521578 0.241370889 -4.47%
41 225 801 0.2561366 0.244499053 -4.76%
42 225 821 0.2600995 0.247710956 -5.00%
43 225 841 0.2640469 0.251011239 -5.19%
44 225 861 0.2679788 0.254404393 -5.34%
45 225 881 0.2718956 0.257894758 -5.43%
46 225 901 0.2757974 0.261486517 -5.47%
47 350 1 0.210323 0.20968734 -0.30%
48 350 21 0.2117453 0.211903211 0.07%
49 350 41 0.2131138 0.213742215 0.29%
50 350 61 0.2144847 0.215302188 0.38%
51 350 81 0.2158644 0.216662264 0.37%
52 350 101 0.2172547 0.217885904 0.29%
53 350 121 0.2186567 0.219023467 0.17%
54 350 141 0.2200709 0.220114415 0.02%
55 350 161 0.2214974 0.221189186 -0.14%
56 350 181 0.2229365 0.222270796 -0.30%
57 350 201 0.2243882 0.223376204 -0.45%
58 350 221 0.2258525 0.224517461 -0.59%
59 350 241 0.2273294 0.225702681 -0.72%
60 350 261 0.2288188 0.226936856 -0.83%
61 350 281 0.2303207 0.228222534 -0.92%
62 350 301 0.2318349 0.229560384 -0.99%
63 350 321 0.2333614 0.230949659 -1.04%
64 350 341 0.2349 0.23238858 -1.08%
65 350 361 0.2364505 0.233874644 -1.10%
66 350 381 0.2380128 0.235404877 -1.11%
67 350 401 0.2395868 0.236976036 -1.10%
68 350 421 0.2411723 0.238584766 -1.08%
69 350 441 0.242769 0.240227731 -1.06%
70 350 461 0.2443768 0.241901705 -1.02%
71 350 481 0.2459956 0.243603651 -0.98%
72 350 501 0.2476251 0.245330768 -0.94%
73 350 521 0.2492651 0.247080536 -0.88%
74 350 541 0.2509154 0.248850738 -0.83%
75 350 561 0.2525759 0.250639475 -0.77%
76 350 581 0.2542463 0.252445174 -0.71%
77 350 601 0.2560486 0.254266586 -0.70%
78 350 621 0.260178 0.256102783 -1.59%
79 350 641 0.2643062 0.257953148 -2.46%
80 350 661 0.2684328 0.259817365 -3.32%
81 350 681 0.2725576 0.261695401 -4.15%
82 350 701 0.2766804 0.263587496 -4.97%
83 350 721 0.280801 0.265494141 -5.77%
84 350 741 0.2849192 0.267416063 -6.55%
85 350 761 0.2890347 0.269354212 -7.31%
86 350 781 0.2931476 0.271309734 -8.05%
87 350 801 0.2972575 0.273283964 -8.77%
88 350 821 0.3013644 0.275278405 -9.48%
89 350 841 0.3054681 0.27729471 -10.16%
90 350 861 0.3095685 0.279334671 -10.82%
91 350 881 0.3136656 0.281400201 -11.47%
92 350 901 0.3177591 0.283493324 -12.09%
ianhbell commented 3 years ago

I believe the implemented models are not the same. The webbook uses a rather old version of REFPROP behind the scenes

Metadata from the webbook

Equation of state and auxiliary model Leachman, J.W.; Jacobsen, R.T.; Lemmon, E.W., Fundamental Equations of State for Parahydrogen, Normal Hydrogen, and Orthohydrogen, to be published in J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 2008. [all data]

Auxiliary model and surface tension McCarty, R.D.; Hord, J.; Roder, H.M., Selected Properties of Hydrogen (Engineering Design Data), NBS Monograph 168, National Bureau of Standards, Boulder, CO, 1981, 0. [all data]

Thermal conductivity and dielectric constant Kunz, O.; Klimeck, R.; Wagner, W.; Jaeschke, M., The GERG-2004 Wide-Range Reference Equation of State for Natural Gases and Other Mixtures, to be published as a GERG Technical Monograph, Fortschr.-Ber. VDI, VDI-Verlag, Düsseldorf, 2006. [all data]

Additional Information Equation of state The uncertainty in density is 0.1% at temperatures from the triple point to 250 K and at pressures up to 40 MPa, except in the critical region, where an uncertainty of 0.2% in pressure is generally attained. In the region between 250 and 450 K and at pressures from 0.1 to 300 MPa, the uncertainty in density is 0.04%. At temperatures between 450 and 1000 K, the uncertainty in density increases to 1%. At pressures between 300 and 2000 MPa, the uncertainty in density is 8%. Speed of sound data are represented within 0.5% below 100 MPa. The estimated uncertainty for heat capacities is 1.0%. The estimated uncertainties of vapor pressures and saturated liquid densities calculated using the Maxwell criterion are 0.2% for each property.

Thermal conductivity The uncertainty in thermal conductivity below 100 K is estimated to be 3% below 150 atm and up to 10% below 700 atm. For temperatures around 100 K at low densities, the uncertainty is about 1%. Above 100 K, the uncertainty is estimated to be on the order of 10%.

Viscosity The uncertainty in viscosity ranges from 4% to 15%.

And from REFPROP 10:

Assael, M.J., Assael, J.-A.M., Huber, M.L., Perkins, R.A., and Takata, Y., "Correlation of the Thermal Conductivity of Normal and Parahydrogen from the Triple Point to 1000 K and up to 100 MPa," J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 40(3), 033101, 2011.

The estimated uncertainty is less than 4% from 100 K to 1000 K at pressures to 100 MPa. For temperatures from the triple point to 100 K, at pressures to 12 MPa, we estimate the uncertainty to be 7%, except near the critical point. The model behaves in a physically reasonable manner for extrapolations to pressures above 12 MPa at temperatures below 100 K, but will be subject to larger uncertainties.

arnaudcharolais commented 3 years ago

Thank you ianhbell for your quick answer.

I will consider the Refprop values then.

Have a nice day.